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Reviews
Epigenetics and traditional Chinese medicine: A noteworthy research area
Chunfu Wu
2025,17(2):201-202, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chmed.2025.02.004
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Therapeutic potentials of natural products for post-traumatic stress disorder: A focus on epigenetics
Meijing Xu, Minghui Cui, Yu Wang, Boru Li, Lijin Feng, Hang Xing *, Kuo Zhang *
2025,17(2):203-219, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chmed.2024.07.004
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Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a relatively common but complex mental illness with a range of diverse risk factors. Typical symptoms include the re-experience or avoidance of traumatic events, cognitive impairment, and hypervigilance. While the exact pathogenesis of PTSD is unclear, many studies indicate that epigenetic regulation plays a key role in its development. Specifically, numerous studies have indicated that the levels of histone acetylation and methylation, DNA methylation, and noncoding RNA are altered in PTSD patients. Further to this, natural products have been found to achieve epigenetic regulation of PTSD by regulating the expression of epigenetic enzymes, long noncoding RNA (lncRNA), and miRNA, thereby playing a role in improving PTSD symptoms. To date, however, no epigenetic regulation related drugs have been used in the treatment of PTSD. Furthermore, while natural products that can epigenetically regulate PTSD have received increasing levels of attention, there have not yet been any systematic reports on the topic. Here, we summarized the roles and mechanisms of natural products in the epigenetic regulation of PTSD, providing a novel and unique perspective that will help to guide the development and application of new PTSD treatments.
Prevention and treatment of radiation injury by traditional Chinese medicine: A review
Lixue He a, Shixing Edi a, Jun Ma a, Zilin Kong a, Chunguang Dai a, Linfang Huang c, Rui Zeng a, b, Kaijun Gou b, *
2025,17(2):220-234, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chmed.2024.09.005
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Nuclear radiation exposure events and tumor radiotherapy are highly susceptible to a range of psychological, physiological and other health problems, which can seriously affect patients’ quality of life. It has been shown that 87.5 % of tumor patients are exposed to varying degrees of radiation injury during radiotherapy. The treatment of radiation injury (RI) in modern medicine is limited to drug therapy, cell therapy, etc. Among them, the most chemical drugs cause many adverse reactions including fatigue, nausea, vomiting, etc., and there are very few drugs dedicated to the treatment of RI. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is a rich natural medicinal resource, which has a wide range of pharmacological activities, multiple targets of action and minimal toxic side effects. Many studies have demonstrated that TCM and its compound preparations have enormous potential in the treatment of radiation induced comprehensive diseases. However, TCM is limited in clinical application due to its slow onset of action, complex active ingredients, and low bioavailability. Therefore, the article reviews the application, molecular mechanisms, and new dosage forms of TCM in the prevention and treatment of RI. On this basis, we will focus on discussing the development advantages and application prospects of the combination of traditional Chinese and Western medicine to achieve highly efficient treatment of RI. This review aims to provide scientific and effective drug delivery strategies and basic theoretical support for the clinical effective treatment of RI with TCM, and further promote the innovative development of TCM.
Research advancements in molecular glues derived from natural product scaffolds: Chemistry, targets, and molecular mechanisms
Lina Yin a, Tingting Niu a, Ling Li b, Wei Yu a, Bo Han a, Asma Rehman c, Kewu Zeng a, b, *
2025,17(2):235-245, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chmed.2025.01.001
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The mechanism of action of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) remains unclear. Historically, research on TCM has mainly focused on exploring the mechanisms of active components acting on single targets. However, it is insufficient to explain the complex mechanisms by which these active components in TCM treat diseases. In recent years, the emergence of molecular glues (MGs) theory has provided new strategies to address this issue. MGs are small molecules that can promote interactions between proteins at their interface. The characteristic of MGs is to establish connections between diverse protein structures, thereby enabling a chemically-mediated proximity effect that triggers a wide spectrum of biological functions. Natural products are the result of billions of years of evolutionary processes in the natural environment. Thus, the extensive structural diversity of natural products renders them a rich source of MGs, including polyketides, terpenoids, steroids, lignans, organic acids, alkaloids and other classes. Currently, several well-known natural MGs, including the immunosuppressants cyclosporin A (CsA) and tacrolimus (FK506), as well as the anticancer agent taxol, have been incorporated into clinical practice. Meanwhile, the advancement of new technologies is propelling the discovery of novel MGs from natural products. Thus, we primarily summarize a growing variety of MGs from natural origins reported in recent years and categorize them based on the chemical structural types. Moreover, the main sources of TCM are natural products. The discovery of natural MGs promises to provide a new perspective for the elucidation of the molecular mechanism behind the efficiency of TCM. In summary, this review aims to provide insights from the perspective of natural products that could potentially influence TCM and modern drug development.
A systematical review on traditional Chinese medicine treating chronic diseases via regulating ferroptosis from the perspective of experimental evidence and clinical application
Yuanyuan Zhang a, Fazhi Su a, Enlin Zhu c, Yanping Sun a, Haixue Kuang a, ?, Qiuhong Wang a, b, ?
2025,17(2):246-260, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chmed.2025.01.003
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Ferroptosis is a unique regulated form of cell death that is distinct from apoptosis, necrosis, and other well-characterized regulated cell death types, and plays an important role in the occurrence and development of chronic metabolic diseases, including diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Recently, increasing evidence has supported traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) as a new hot spot for the treatment of chronic metabolic diseases by mediating ferroptosis. Unfortunately, few systematic reviews have described the importance of TCM in treating chronic metabolic diseases through the ferroptosis pathway. In the current review, the mechanism of ferroptosis and the roles of ferroptosis in chronic metabolic diseases are summarized. Additionally, this review illustrates that the regulation of ferroptosis by TCM could be an effective approach for treating chronic metabolic diseases based on experimental evidence and clinical application. In summary, this work will improve the understanding of ferroptosis and the ability of TCM to regulate ferroptosis in chronic metabolic diseases, thereby promoting the development and application of natural TCM.
Research and utilization status of Lophatherum gracile: A medicinal and food homologous plant
Bin Yao a, b, 1, Meng Zhang a, b, 1, Shaolei Zhao a, b, Hongjian Yu a, d, Jingze Zhang a, b, c, *, Dailin Liu a, b, c, *
2025,17(2):261-278, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chmed.2024.07.006
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Lophatheri Herba (Danzhuye in Chinese) is derived from the dried stems and leaves of Lophatherum gracile and has a long history of use as a medicinal and food source. Flavonoids and phenolic acids are the main active ingredients in Lophatheri Herba, which produce diuretic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic effects. Flavonoid glycosides and hydroxybenzoic acids are respectively the main structure in 44 flavonoids and 16 phenolic acids obtained from Lophatheri Herba. Modern pharmacological studies have found that the main chemical constituents of Lophatheri Herba play important roles in anti-inflammatory, cardioprotective, hepatoprotective and hypoglycaemic effects. Studies have demonstrated that flavonoid monomers, for example, luteolin, isoorientin, luteolin-7-O-b-D-glucoside and apigenin are more effective in exerting the above pharmacological effects. In addition, Lophatheri Herba is used in different food products as the main ingredient or as an accessory. This review describes Lophatheri Herba in terms of its chemical composition, pharmacological effects and efficacy, food development and applications, and clinical utility, and discusses the problems facing its use. This study provides valuable ideas and a scientific basis for the future development and use of L. gracile.
Natural polyphenols as novel interventions for aging and age-related diseases: Exploring efficacy, mechanisms of action and implications for future research
Wenze Wu a, 1, Yan Mi a, 1, Qingqi Meng a, Ning Li b, Wei Li c, Pu Wang d, *, Yue Hou a, *
2025,17(2):279-291, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chmed.2024.09.001
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Natural polyphenols are a group of components widely found in traditional Chinese medicines and have been demonstrated to delay or prevent the development of aging and age-related diseases in recent years. As far as we know, the studies of natural polyphenols in aging and aging-related diseases have never been extensively reviewed. In the present paper, we reviewed recent advances of natural polyphenols in aging and common age-related diseases and the current technological methods to improve the bioavailability of natural polyphenols. The results showed that natural polyphenols have the potential to prevent or treat aging and common age-related diseases through multiple mechanisms. Nanotechnology, structural modifications, and matrix processing could provide strong technical support for the development of natural polyphenols to prevent or treat aging and age-related diseases. In conclusion, natural polyphenols have important potential in the prevention and treatment of aging and agerelated diseases.
Modernization of charcoal drugs: Integrating research paradigms of carbon dots to gain new perspectives
Sichao Tian a, Zhanglu Hu a, Weidong Zhang a, b, ?
2025,17(2):292-295, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chmed.2025.01.004
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With the modernization drive of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), this perspective innovatively proposes integrating carbon dot research paradigms to facilitate the modernization of charcoal drugs in TCM. The research focuses on five core areas: analyzing and validating charcoal drugs components pharmacologically, exploring modern preparation methods, establishing a quality evaluation system, fixing preparation process parameters, and probing into the material basis. These steps aim to deepen the scientific understanding of the material basis of charcoal drugs, optimize its preparation process, and establish a comprehensive quality control system. This work provides a theoretical foundation and experimental evidence for the scientific understanding of charcoal drugs, further promoting their modernization and internationalization.
Original articles
MYB polymorphism molecular marker: A novel molecular marker for authenticity and geographical origin identification of Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium
Qiqing Cheng b, d, 1, Ziyu Tang c, 1, Yue Ouyang c, Chunsong Cheng d, Chichou Lao c, Hao Cui g, Hua Zhou e, f, ?, Yongshu Liang a, ?
2025,17(2):296-306, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chmed.2025.02.006
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Objective: Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium (Chenpi, CRP) is one of the most used traditional Chinese medicines with great medicinal, dietary and collection values, among which the Citrus reticulata cv. ‘Chachi’ (Citrus reticulata cv. Chachiensis) from Guangdong Xinhui is the geoherb of CRP. Xinhui CRP in the market was often counterfeited with other varieties or origins, molecular identification method can effectively distinguish different CRP varieties, but it’s still a difficult problem to identify the same CRP variety from different origin. It is necessary to discover a newmolecular marker to ensure the safe and effective application of Xinhui CRP. Methods: We selected one of the most studied transcription factor families in Citrus genus, MYB, to design the specific candidate primers on the conserved region. The primers with good band repeatability and high polymorphism were screened for PCR amplification of the test materials, and the genetic similarity coefficient among different families, genera, species, and origins were calculated. The cluster analysis was performed by unweighted pair group method using arithmetic average (UPGMA). Results: A total of ten MYB primers were screened out to identify Xinhui CRP from plants from different family (Panax ginseng and Morus alba), genus (Clausena lansium and Zanthoxylum schinifolium), and species (Citrus reticulata, C. sinensis and C. maxima). Furthermore, two from the ten primers, M1 and M10, were found to distinguish Xinhui CRP from other origins. There were 169, 113, 133 and 134 polymorphic bands in the identification of different families, genera, species, and origins respectively, and the accordingly polymorphism ration were 79.88%, 76.87%, 79.20% and 82.84%. Moreover, M1was discovered to be the best primer to identify Xinhui CRP from other seven origins, the cluster analysis results based on the genetic similarity coefficients were consistent with the geographical distribution. Conclusion: This study established a novel molecular identification method according toMYB transcription factor, which can analyze the potential parental relationship of CRP germplasm, as well as identify the quality and origins of Xinhui CPR.
Identification and functional characterization of a new flavonoid glycosyltransferase from Rheum palmatum
Shiwen Zhang a, Jianzhen Zou a, Zitong Hao a, Mengqi Gao a, Gang Zhang b, *, Mengmeng Liu a, *
2025,17(2):307-314, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chmed.2024.08.003
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Objective: To characterize a glycosyltransferase (RpUGT1) from Rheum palmatum and investigate its specificity toward flavonoid compounds. Methods: The RpUGT1 was expressed in Escherichia coli and screened for catalytic activity against a range of flavonoid substrates using a high-throughput HPLC assay method. Mass spectrometry (MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) were used to determine the structure of the product. Homology modeling, molecular docking analyses and site-directed mutagenesis studies were conducted to identify key residues responsible for its function. Results: The recombinant RpUGT1 protein exhibited catalytic activity towards various flavonoids. Notably, RpUGT1 catalyzed the glycosylation of isorhamnetin to form 3-O-glucoside and kaempferol to form 7-O-glucoside, utilizing uridine diphosphate (UDP) glucose as the sugar donor. The homology modeling and molecular docking analyses identified key residues responsible for its activity. Subsequent sitedirected mutagenesis studies highlighted the crucial role of K307 in catalysis. Conclusion: These discoveries offer valuable perspectives on the role of the UGT family and establish a groundwork for forthcoming research on the synthesis of flavonoids in plants.
Analysis of fungal composition in different layers of Bantou agarwoodforming trunk of Aquilaria sinensis revealing presence of Aspergillusinhibiting substances in agarwood sites
Xuyu Chen a, Yun Yang a, Yangyang Liu a, Chun Sui b, ?, Jianhe Wei a, b, ?
2025,17(2):315-321, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chmed.2025.02.001
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Objective: The objective of this study was to analyse fungal composition and exploit application potential in the Bantou (BT) agarwood-forming trunk of Aquilaria sinensis. Methods: BT agarwood is a naturally formed agarwood that was collected after cutting. Total genomic DNA of the fungi in BT agarwood was extracted by the hexadecyltrimethy ammonium bromide (CTAB) method, followed by PCR amplification and library construction. The effective tags were obtained by the HiSeq2500 platform, and the data were subjected to bioinformatics and statistical analyses. Results: A total of 7 850 040 effective tags were obtained, Ascomycota was the most abundant fungus at the phylum level, with a relative abundance of 56.36%–61.44%, followed by Basidiomycota, with a relative abundance of 10.49%–20.39%. Dothideomycetes, Agaricomycetes and Sordariomycetes were dominant at the class level, accounting for 26.21%–33.88%, 8.40%–17.66%, and 18.41%–24.11%, respectively. Lignosphaeria, Phaeoacremonium and Hermatomyces were dominant at the genus level, with relative abundances of 6.25%–7.64%, 1.95%–9.05% and 1.5%–5.4%, respectively. Diversity and richness analysis showed that the fungal composition in the agarwood formation sites (agarwood layer, upper agarwood layer and lower agarwood layer) were significantly lower than those in the decomposing layer and the healthy layer. That is, the fungal diversity and richness were significantly reduced during agarwood formation by the action of open wounds. The fungal community structure in the decomposing layer and agarwood formation sites obviously differed from that in the healthy layer. The number of Aspergillus taxa in agarwood formation sites decreased significantly (healthy layer is 0.5%, decomposing layer is 0.022%, upper agarwood layer is 0.012%, agarwood layer is 0.01%, and lower agarwood layer is 0.013%), indicating that agarwood may contain potential substances to inhibit the growth of Aspergillus. Conclusion: Agarwood from agarwood formation sites contains potential substances that inhibit Aspergillus, which provides valuable information for the control of the genus of Aspergillus.
Enhancement of apoptosis in HCT116 and HepG2 cells by Coix lacryma-jobi var. lacryma-jobi seed extract in combination with sorafenib
Supawadee Parhira a, b, c, Guoyuan Zhu d, Apirat Wangteeraprasert e, Suphunwadee Sawong f, Pennapha Suknoppakit f, Julintorn Somran g, Naphat Kaewpaeng b, h, Khemmachat Pansooksan b, h, Dumrongsak Pekthong b, c, i, ?, Piyarat Srisawang b, f, j, ?
2025,17(2):322-339, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chmed.2025.02.005
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Objective: Coix lacryma-jobi, a highly regarded Asian herb widely used in traditional Chinese medicine, is recognized for its dual benefits in promoting overall health and treating various diseases. While it exhibits moderate anticancer efficacy when used alone, this study investigated the enhanced anticancer potential of raw and cooked Coix lacryma-jobi var. lacryma-jobi (CL) seed extracts in combination with sorafenib against HCT116 and HepG2 cancer cell lines. The combination of sorafenib with other anticancer agents, including natural extracts, has garnered significant attention as a promising strategy for developing more effective cancer therapies. Methods: Dry powders of raw (R) and cooked (C) CL seeds, obtained from a local commercial source in Thailand, were extracted and fractionated using ethanol (E), dichloromethane (D), ethyl acetate (A), and water (W) to produce eight fractions: CLRE, CLCE, CLRD, CLCD, CLRA, CLCA, CLRW, and CLCW. The coixol content in raw and cooked seed extracts was quantified and expressed as lg of coixol per gram of extract. The cytotoxic effects of these fractions were evaluated against HCT116 and HepG2 cells using the MTT assay. Fractions demonstrating the most significant cytotoxic responses were combined with sorafenib to evaluate their synergistic effects. Apoptosis induction and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) were assessed, and the underlying mechanism of apoptosis was explored by analyzing reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and antioxidant protein expression levels. Additionally, the combination treatment’s effect on the phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT)/mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway was investigated. Results: One gram of CLCE and CLCD extracts contained higher coixol levels (7.02 lg and 9.69 lg, respectively) compared to CLRE and CLRD (2.66 lg and 5.96 lg, respectively). Coixol content in CLRA, CLRW, and CLCW fractions was undetectable under the study conditions. All extract fractions exhibited IC50 values exceeding 1 mg/mL after 24- and 48-hour incubations with HCT116 and HepG2 cells, indicating limited cytotoxicity when used independently. CLRD and CLCD fractions were selected for combination studies at a concentration of 1 mg/mL, combined with sub-IC50 concentrations of sorafenib to minimize its side effects. This combination significantly increased cytotoxicity, inducing apoptosis in HCT116 and HepG2 cells by elevating ROS levels and reducing the expression of superoxide dismutase 2 and catalase. Furthermore, the combination treatment downregulated the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, indicating a targeted anticancer mechanism. Conclusion: The combination of CLCD with sorafenib demonstrates significant potential as a strategy for future anticancer therapies. This CL seed extract, cultivated and commercially available in Thailand, shows promise as a natural supplement to enhance the efficacy of chemotherapy in upcoming clinical anticancer applications.
Ameliorating vascular endothelial injury for lipolysacharide-induced via mitochondrial targeting function of octaarginine-modified essential oil from Fructus Alpiniae zerumbet (EOFAZ) lipid microspheres
Lingyan Li a, b, c, 1, Zengqiu Yang a, b, c, 1, Qiqi Li a, b, c, Qianqian Guo a, b, c, Xingjie Wu a, b, c, Yu’e Wang a, b, c, Xiangchun Shen a, b, c, Ying Chen a, b, c, *, Ling Tao a, b, c, *
2025,17(2):340-351, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chmed.2024.11.004
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Objective: To investigate the therapeutic potential of octaarginine (R8)-modified essential oil from Fructus Alpiniae zerumbet (EOFAZ) lipid microspheres (EOFAZ@R8LM) for cardiovascular therapy. Methods: EOFAZ@R8LM was developed by leveraging the volatilization of EOFAZ and integrating it with the oil phase of LM, followed by surface modification with cell-penetrating peptide R8 to target the site of vascular endothelial injury. The therapeutic effects of this formulation in alleviating lipopolysaccharide-induced vascular endothelial inflammation were evaluated by assessing mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, as well as inflammatory factors interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-1b (IL-1b) levels. Results: EOFAZ@R8LM effectively delivered EOFAZ to the site of injury and specifically targeted the mitochondria in vascular endothelial cells, thereby ameliorating mitochondrial dysfunction through regulation of MMP and reduction of intracellular ROS levels. Moreover, it attenuated the expression levels of IL-6 and IL-1b, exerting protective effects on the vascular endothelium. Conclusion: Our findings highlight the significant therapeutic potential of EOFAZ@R8LM in cardiovascular therapy, providing valuable insights for developing novel dosage forms utilizing EOFAZ for effective treatment against cardiovascular diseases.
Amelioration of atherosclerotic complications and dyslipidemia by verbascoside-enriched fraction of Clerodendrum glandulosum leaves targeting LDL-R and LXR-mediated reverse cholesterol transport
Puspanjali Khound a, b, Nonibala Gurumayum a, b, Rajlakshmi Devi a, b, ?
2025,17(2):352-367, DOI: ttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.chmed.2025.02.007
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Objective: Clerodendrum glandulosum is widely used in traditional Chinese and Indian systems of medicine for conditions like hypertension and diabetes. While various pharmacological benefits have been reported, research on its anti-atherosclerotic properties remains limited. Atherosclerosis (AS) is a chronic cardiovascular disease linked to dyslipidemia (DLD) and inflammation. This study aims to identify the bioactive fraction from C. glandulosum extract, evaluate its potential against AS and DLD, and explore the molecular mechanisms of cholesterol metabolism. Methods: Bioactivity-guided fractionation was employed to investigate the bioactivity of C. glandulosum by screening biochemical enzyme inhibitory potential. The active fraction was subjected to in vitro testing to assess the anti-inflammatory and anti-adhesion properties. The fraction was administered at 50 and 100 mg/kg per os (p.o.) to cholesterol-cholic acid-thiouracil (CCT) diet-induced atherosclerotic Wistar rats. Changes in lipid and antioxidant profiles, inflammatory markers, and cholesterol metabolism pathways were assessed using Western blotting. Histopathological analyses of the aorta, liver, heart, and kidneys were also conducted. Molecular docking was conducted for the verbascoside (VER) and the standard statin, atorvastatin (ATS), for their binding capabilities with the molecular targets considered in this study. Results: Bioactivity-guided fractionation and screening revealed that ethyl acetate fraction (EAF) contained VER as the principal phytoconstituent. EAF exhibited potent enzyme inhibitory activity, with IC50 values of 1.059 mg/mL for pancreatic lipase and 22.48 lg/mL for a-glucosidase. In vitro analysis revealed that EAF significantly lowered cell-to-cell adhesion to 0.57 folds from 2.5 folds in the disease control and normalized the inflammatory cytokines. In CCT-diet-induced rats, elevated serum cholesterol and low-density lipoproteins (LDL) levels (92.1 mg/dL and 78.49 mg/dL, respectively) were reduced to 63.52 mg/dL and 58.51 mg/dL with EAF at 100 mg/kg. EAF at 100 mg/kg reduced oxidized LDL to 53.63 ng/mL compared to 157.1 ng/mL in CCT-diet-fed rats. EAF also restored antioxidant activity by increasing superoxide dismutase and catalase levels to 73.78 and 17.72 U/mg protein, respectively, compared to 42.22 and 9.62 U/mg protein in CCT-diet-fed rats. EAF restored inflammatory cytokines to normal levels. Histological analyses validated the protective benefits of EAF supplementation for the structural integrity of the aorta, liver, heart, and kidney tissues. Western blotting analysis of liver tissues revealed changes in the cholesterol metabolic pathway by upregulating peroxisome proliferatoractivated receptor gamma (PPARc)/liver X receptor alpha (LXRa)/adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette sub-family G member 1 (ABCG1) and low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDL-R) expression. Unlike ATS, molecular docking analyses indicated strong interactions between VER and molecular targets. Conclusion: EAF prevented DLD and AS by reverse cholesterol transport via the PPARc/LXRa/ABCG1 pathway, offering potential therapeutic benefits for cardiovascular health.
Osthole ameliorates chronic pruritus in 2,4-dichloronitrobenzeneinduced atopic dermatitis by inhibiting IL-31 production
Shuang He a, b, c, Xiaoling Liang a, b, c, Weixiong Chen d, e, Yangji Nima a, Yi Li a, Zihui Gu a, Siyue Lai a, Fei Zhong a, Caixiong Qiu a, b, c, Yuying Mo f, Jiajun Tang f, Guanyi Wu a, b, c, *
2025,17(2):368-379, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chmed.2024.01.003
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Objective: This study aims to elucidate the therapeutic potential of osthole for the treatment of atopic dermatitis (AD), focusing on its ability to alleviate chronic pruritus (CP) and the underlying molecular mechanisms. Methods: In this study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of osthole in both a 2,4- dichloronitrobenzene (DNCB)-induced AD mouse model and tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-a) and interferon-c (IFN-c) stimulated human immortalized epidermal (HaCaT) cells. The anti-itch effect of osthole was specifically assessed in the AD mouse model. Using methods such as hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), western blot (WB), quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), and immunofluorescence staining. Results: Osthole improved skin damage and clinical dermatitis scores, reduced scratching bouts, and decreased epidermal thickness AD-like mice. It also reduced the levels of interleukin (IL)-31 and IL-31 receptor A (IL-31 RA) in both skin tissues and HaCaT cells. Furthermore, Osthole suppressed the protein expression levels of phosphor-p65 (p-p65) and phosphor-inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-Ba (p-IjBa). Meanwhile, it increased the protein expression levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor a (PPARa) and PPARc in HaCaT cells. Conclusion: These findings indicated that osthole effectively inhibited CP in AD by activating PPARa, PPARc, repressing the NF-jB signaling pathway, as well as the expression of IL-31 and IL-31 RA.
Banxia Xiexin Decoction inhibits colitis-associated colorectal cancer development by modulating STAT3 signaling and gut microbiota
Yinzi Yue a, 1, Lianlin Su b, 1, Yahui Wang c, Xiaoman Li b, Xiaoyan Xiao b, Jin Xie a, Shuai Yan c, *
2025,17(2):380-391, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chmed.2024.02.004
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Objective: To investigate the therapeutic effects of Banxia Xiexin Decoction (BXD), a herbal medicine formula, on inflammation and the imbalance of the gut microbiota in a rat model of colorectal cancer (CRC) induced by azoxymethane (AOM) /dextran sulfate sodium (DSS). Methods: A total of 75 male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into five groups: normal control group (NC), model group (MODEL), low-dose BXD treatment group (L-BXD), high-dose BXD treatment (H-BXD) group and MS treatment group (MS). BXD and MS were used in CRC mice at the doses of 3.915 g/kg, 15.66 g/kg, 0.6 g/kg for 3 weeks consecutively. Histopathological changes in the colon were observed using hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. The content of inflammatory factors in serum was detected by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the expression of mRNA and protein of genes related to immunity, apoptosis, inflammation, and inflammatory factors was evaluated. Changes in the intestinal flora of mouse fecal were determined based on high throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA microbial gene. Results: Compared to the model group, the low-dose BXD and high-dose BXD groups decreased the number of colon tumors, reversed weight loss, and shortened colon length of mice. The pathological examination showed that BXD alleviated the malignancy of intestinal tumors. It also suppressed signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), and transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-b1) expression, while increasing the expression of the tight junction protein ZO-1 in colon tissues. Additionally, the levels of key pathway proteins involved in inflammation (phosphorylated-STAT3, Bcl-2, COX-2) and cell cycle regulatory molecules (c-Myc and PCNA) were reduced. According to 16S rRNA sequence analysis, BXD enhanced the relative abundance of potentially beneficial bacteria, while that of cancer-related bacteria decreased. Conclusion: BXD plays a preventive role in developing colorectal cancer; its mechanisms are related to the inhibition of inflammation and tumor proliferation, as well as maintenance of intestinal homeostasis.
Overexpression of SULT1E1 alleviates salt-processed Psoraleae Fructus-induced cholestatic liver damage
Yu Wu a, b, 1, Yan Xu b, 1, Hao Cai b, Zhengying Hua b, Meimei Luo b, Letao Hu b, Nong Zhou b, c, Xinghong Wang a, *, Weidong Li b, *
2025,17(2):392-403, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chmed.2024.11.002
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Objective: Salt-processed Psoraleae Fructus (SPF) is widely used as a phytoestrogen-like agent in the treatment of osteoporosis. However, due to improper clinical use or misuse, resulting in liver damage. In this study, network pharmacology was employed to analyze the mechanism of cholestatic liver damage. An adeno-associated virus overexpressing SULT1E1 (rAAV8-SULT1E1) was constructed and the hepatotoxicity of SPF, psoralen, and isopsoralen was determined. Methods: By utilizing three databases inclding TCMSP, TCMID, and BATMAN- TCM, the targets of the three databases were summarized, and a total of 45 psoralen compounds were included. Network pharmacology analysis was then performed. The adenoviral vectors were injected into the tail vein of C57BL6 mice to elucidate the role of SULT1E1 in SPF-induced cholestasis-mediated hepatotoxicity in vivo. SPF (10 g/kg), psoralen, and isopsoralen (50 mg/kg each) were intragastrically administered to mice for 30 d. B-ultrasound and samples were collected and examined for follow-up experiments. Results: A total of 854 targets were predicted for 45 active components, with 151 cholestasis-mediated hepatotoxicity-related disease targets obtained for SPF. A total of 126 pathways were enriched based on KEGG pathway analysis, with the ‘‘estrogen signaling pathway” identified as one of the top 20 pathways. In terms of pathological hepatic changes, treated mice had visually swollen hepatocytes, dilated bile ducts, and elevated serum biochemical markers, which were more prominent in mice treated with isopsoralen than in those treated with other compounds. Notably, the overexpression of SULT1E1 could reverse liver damage in each treatment group. B-ultrasound was used to observe the size of the gallbladder in vivo. The size of the gallbladder was found to significantly increase on day 30 after treatment in the SPF-, psoralen-, and isopsoralen-treated groups, especially the SPF group. Compared with the expression levels in the negative control group (rAAV8-empty + con), the expression levels of FXR, Mrp2, Bsep, SULT1E1, SULT2A1, Ntcp, and Nrf2 decreased, whereas those of CYP7a1 and IL-6 increased in the SPF-, psoralen-, and isopsoralen-treated groups. Conclusion: The overexpression of SULT1E1 could alleviate the decreased or increased expression of indicators, indicating that SULT1E1 is an important target gene for SPF-induced liver damage. The severity of liver damage was significantly lower in the rAAV8 SULT1E1 groups than in the rAAV8-empty groups.
Two new polyketides from Rhodiola tibetica endophytic fungus Penicillium sp. HJT-A-6
Dongliang Xiao a, 1, Xiaobao Li a, 1, Xuemei Zhang a, Nan Jiang a, Dunzhu Luosang b, Weixing Feng a, Xuan Lu a, *, Baomin Feng a, *
2025,17(2):404-408, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chmed.2024.06.004
[Abstract] (1) [HTML] (0) [PDF 0.00 Byte] (0)
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Objective: To study bioactive compounds from the endophytic fungus Penicillium sp. HJT-A-6 isolated from stem of Rhodiola tibetica, and evaluate its allelopathic activity. Methods: The chemical constituents were isolated and purified by silica gel, Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography and semi-preparative HPLC. Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analysis and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations. In addition, the allelopathic activity of compound 1 was evaluated by measuring the seed germination rate of R. tibetica. Results: Two new polyketides 4-hydroxy-3,6-dimethyl-2H-pyran-2-one (1) and penilactone E (2), together with six known compounds walterolactone A (3), 5-hydroxyhexan-4-olide (4), 3-methyl-2-penten-5-olide (5), chaetoquadrin F (6), (Z)-6-acetyl-3-(1,2 -dihydroxypropylidene)-5-hydroxy-8-methylchroman-2-one (7) and 4-hydroxy-3-(4-hydroxyhexanoyl)-5-methylfuran-2(5H)-one (8) were isolated from Penicillium sp. HJT-A-6. Compound 1 showed moderate seed-germination-promoting activity at a concentration of 0.001 mg/mL while inhibiting the seed germination at concentrations of 0.1 and 0.01 mg/mL. Compared with the positive drug 6-benzyladenine (6-BA), compound 1 could extend the seed-germination period of R. tibetica (up to 11 d). Conclusion: Two new compounds were isolated from R. tibetica endophytic fungus Penicillium sp. HJT-A-6. Compound 1 displayed plant hormone-like activity, which inhibited the seed germination of the host plant at high concentrations and promoted the seed germination of the host plant at low concentrations. The results not only enrich the chemical constituents of the endophytic fungi isolated from Rhodiola tibetica, but also provide a theoretical basis for understanding the interaction mechanism between Rhodiola tibetica endophytic fungi and the host plant.

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Pharmacopoeia of the People’s Republic of China (2010 Edition): A Milestone in Development of China’s Healthcare
QIAN Zhong-zhi, DAN Yang, LIU Yan-ze, PENG Yong
2010,2(2):157-159, DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-6384.年份.期.第几篇文章
[Abstract] (5712) [HTML] (0) [PDF 217.57 K] (24927)
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Feature Extraction of Chinese Materia Medica Fingerprint Based on Star Plot Representation of Multivariate Data
CUI Jian-xin, HONG Wen-xue, ZHOU Rong-juan, GAO Hai-bo
2011,3(2):140-143, DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-6384.2011.02.009
[Abstract] (2554) [HTML] (0) [PDF 142.79 K] (20668)
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Objective To study a novel feature extraction method of Chinese materia medica (CMM) fingerprint. Methods On the basis of the radar graphical presentation theory of multivariate, the radar map was used to figure the non-map parameters of the CMM fingerprint, then to extract the map features and to propose the feature fusion. Results Better performance was achieved when using this method to test data. Conclusion This shows that the feature extraction based on radar chart presentation can mine the valuable features that facilitate the identification of Chinese medicine.
Analysis on Volatile Constituents in Leaves and Fruits of Ficus carica by GC-MS
LI Jun, TIAN Yu-zeng, SUN Bao-ya, YANG Dan, CHEN Ji-ping, MEN Qi-ming
2012,4(1):63-69, DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-6384.2012.01.010
[Abstract] (2333) [HTML] (0) [PDF 160.29 K] (12986)
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Objective To identify and analyze the volatile constituents in the leaves and fruits of Ficus carica. Methods Gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) were used. Results The major components detected in volatile oil of the leaves were psoralen (10.12%), β-damascenone (10.17%), benzyl alcohol (4.56%), behenic acid (4.79%), and bergapten (1.99%), etc. The major components detected in volatile oil of the fruits were furfural (10.55%), 5-methyl-2-furaldehyde (10.1%), and benzeneacetaldehyde (6.59%), etc. Conclusion A total of 121 volatile constituents are identified in the leaves and 108 in the fruits of F. carica, among which 103 constituents are identified for the first time in the leaves and 100 in the fruits. Eighteen volatile constituents are identified in both leaves and fruits.
Challenges in Research and Development of Traditional Chinese Medicines
LIU Chang-xiao, XIAO Pei-gen, PENG Yong, SONG Nai-ning
2009,1(1):1-28, DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-6384.年份.期.第几篇文章
[Abstract] (4642) [HTML] (0) [PDF 469.82 K] (12599)
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This review is briefly to recall the history of research and development (R&D) of Chinese materia medica (CMM) and to discuss the challenges of Chinese traditional and herbal medicines (CTHM) facing the modern science and technology. The R&D of CTHM is thought to be an important pathway for new drug discovery. Since1949, about 140 approved new drugs have been developed, among which about 80 originated directly or indirectly from medicinal plants. CTHM has gained interest from the international medical, biomedical, and pharmaceutical institutions as a valuable source of potential medicines. For the modernization of CMM and innovative research of CTHM, there are following challenges to be faced: (1) to evaluate the efficacy, pharmacological properties, action mechanism, and active chemical constituents; (2) to develop new methodologies for the quality and safety of CTHM; (3) to apply new “-omics” techniques to accelerate drug discoveries developed from CTHM; and (4) to apply international practices including good agricultural practice, good manufacturing practice, good laboratory practice, and good clinical practice in the R&D of CTHM.
New Collection of Crude Drugs in Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2010 I. Callicarpa Linn. and Related Items
DAN Yang, QIAN Zhong-zhi, LIU Yan-ze, ZHOU Guo-ping, PENG Yong, XIAO Pei-gen
2010,2(4):272-288, DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-6384.2010.04.005
[Abstract] (4295) [HTML] (0) [PDF 307.65 K] (11916)
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Callicarpa Linn. (beautyberry) is one of the major genera in Verbenaceous, about 20 of which are medicinal plants. Beautyberry, called Zizhu in China, is a generic name of those species and largely used as hemostatic medicine. The Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2010 has admitted three new crude drugs from the genus of Callicarpa Linn. including Callicarpae Macrophyllae Folium, Callicarpae Caulis et Folium, and Callicarpae Formosanae Folium for the first time since the 1977 version of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia. In order to better understand these new crude drugs, we systematically described their bibliography, admission reasons, botanical identification, chemistry, and pharmacology. Several other species, out of national regulations but intensively studied and widely used, are also covered in this review.
Network Pharmacology Bridges Traditional Application and Modern Development of Traditional Chinese Medicine
Chang-xiao Liu, Rui Liu, Hui-rong Fan, Xue-feng Xiao, Xiao-peng Chen, Hai-yu Xu, Yan-ping Lin
2015,7(), DOI:
[Abstract] (2889) [HTML] (0) [PDF 503.58 K] (11839)
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Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has developed over thousands of years and has accumulated abundant clinical experience, forming a comprehensive and unique medical system. Emerging evidence has begun to illustrate TCM as an area of important medical rediscoveries. This paper briefly introduced the concept, significance, and technology of network pharmacology based on network biology and systems biology. It focused on the theoretical system and potential prospect of TCM network applied in TCM research and development including predicting new drug targets, action mechanism, new drug discovery; evaluating pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, safety, toxicology, quality control, and bioinformatics of drugs. We also discussed the opportunities and challenges in the development and application of network pharmacology in the modernization of TCM research.
HPLC Fingerprint and LC-TOF-MS Analysis on Extract from Roots of Gentiana macrophylla
SU Qi, SHANG Ping-ping, ZHANG Yong-min, JIA Na, HE Jiao, ZHAO Wen-na, SUN Wen-ji
2012,4(3):245-251, DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-6384.2012.03.012
[Abstract] (3192) [HTML] (0) [PDF 221.06 K] (11834)
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Objective Establishing a ?ngerprint method to identify the characteristic chemicals in the roots of Gentiana macrophylla and evaluate their quality. Methods RP-HPLC was developed for ?ngerprint analysis and determination of four ingredients in G. macrophylla roots from different sources. LC-ESI-TOF-MS was employed to identify the chromatographic peaks of the ?ngerprint. Results Five common peaks were identified by comparing their retention time with reference secoiridoid glucosides. Eight major peaks in chromatographic fingerprint were analyzed by on-line LC-ESI-TOF-MS. Four secoiridoid glucosides were identified based on their MS data. Conclusion The method is specific and could be served for the quality identi?cation and comprehensive evaluation of G. macrophylla.
Review of Rhubarbs: Chemistry and Pharmacology
ZHENG Qing-xia, WU Hai-feng, GUO Jian, NAN Hai-jiang, CHEN Shi-lin, YANG Jun-shan, XU Xu-dong
2013,5(1):9-32, DOI: 10.7501/j.issn.1674-6384.2013.01.003
[Abstract] (3317) [HTML] (0) [PDF 583.26 K] (11789)
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Rhubarb is a perennial herb belonging to the genus Rheum L. (Polygonaceae). Rhei Radix et Rhizoma (rhubarb roots and rhizomes) is one of the most popular Chinese materia medica and has been widely used for strong laxative function. About 200 compounds with six different types of skeletons (anthraquinone, anthrone, stilbene, flavonoids, acylglucoside, and pyrone) have so far been isolated from eighteen species of the genus Rheum L. These constituents showed extensive pharmacological activities including cathartic, diuretic, anticancer, hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic effects, as well as toxicological effects. Chemical fingerprint, LC-MS, and other analytical techniques have been used for the quality control of rhubarb. This comprehensive review summarizes the researches into the isolation, pharmacological activities, and phytochemical analysis reported since investigations began in the late 1940s. In addition, pharmacokinetic studies and clinical application of rhubarb are also discussed in present paper.
Revision and Improvement of Criterion on Traditional Chinese Medicines in Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2015
Yang Dan1, Zhong-zhi Qian2, Yong Peng1, Chang-qing Chen3, Yan-ze Liu1, Wen Tai3, Jing-wen Qi3
2016,8(3):196-208, DOI: 10.1016/S1674-6384(16)60043-6
[Abstract] (1683) [HTML] (0) [PDF 311.21 K] (10957)
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Chinese Pharmacopoeia is updated every five years, of which traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is the most important part. The 2015 version completed by the 10th Pharmacopoeia Commission has come into operation since December 1, 2015. Here we introduced the revision and improvement of quality evaluation and control standards of TCMs in Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2015.
Isolation and Purification of Isoaloeresin D and Aloin from Aloe vera by High-speed Counter-current Chromatography
WAN Jin-zhi, CHEN Xin-xia, QIU Chun-mei, LIN Xiang-cheng
2010,2(2):148-152, DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-6384.2010.02.010
[Abstract] (4690) [HTML] (0) [PDF 215.71 K] (10293)
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Objective To develop an efficient method to isolate and purify the main components isoaloeresin D and aloin from Aloe vera for its industrial production. Methods High-speed counter-current chromatography was used to isolate isoaloeresin D and aloin in a one-step separation from dried crude extract of A. vera. The biphasic solvent system composed of hexane-ethyl acetate-acetone-water (0.2︰5︰1.5︰5) was used at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min, while the lipophilic phase was selected as the mobile phase and the apparatus was rotated at 840 r/min. The effluent was detected at 254 nm. Results Isoaloeresin D (53.1 mg) and aloin (106.9 mg) were separated from the crude extract (384.7 mg) with the purities of 98.6% and 99.5%, respectively. Conclusion HSCCC is a powerful technique for isolation and separation of chemical composition from aloe.
Authentication of Medicinal Plants by DNA Based Markers and Genomics
HAO Da-cheng, CHEN Shi-lin, XIAO Pei-gen, PENG Yong
2010,2(4):250-261, DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-6384.2010.04.003
[Abstract] (3667) [HTML] (0) [PDF 401.07 K] (10218)
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For the protection of consumers and developments of relevant industry, authentication of medicinal plants is a critical issue. This review covers various aspects of authentication methods and techniques based on molecular biology and genomics with special emphasis on molecular biology techniques including genome-based authentication, microchip-based authentication, DNA barcoding, and their applications.
Analgesic and Anti-inflammatory Effects of Ginger Oil
JIA Yong-liang, ZHAO Jun-ming, ZHANG Lin-hui, SUN Bao-shan, BAO Meng-jing, LI Fen-fen, SHEN Jian, SHEN Hui-jun, ZHAO Yu-qing, XIE Qiang-min
2011,3(2):150-155, DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-6384.2011.02.011
[Abstract] (3762) [HTML] (0) [PDF 157.86 K] (9747)
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Objective Ginger (Zingiber officinale) is widely used as a spice in cooking and as a medicinal herb in traditional herbal medicine. The present study was to investigate the analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of ginger oil in experimental animal models. Methods The analgesic effect of the oils was evaluated by the “acetic acid” and “hot-plate” test models of pain in mice. The anti-inflammatory effect of the oil was investigated in rats, using rat paw edema induced by carrageenan, adjuvant arthritis, and vascular permeability induced by bradykinin, arachidonic acid, and histamine. Indomethacin (1 mg/kg), Aspirin (0.5 g/kg) and Dexamethasone (2.5 mg/kg) were used respectively as reference drugs for comparison. Results The ginger oil (0.25－1.0 g/kg) produced significant analgesic effect against chemically- and thermally-induced nociceptive pain stimuli in mice (P < 0.05, 0.01). And the ginger oil (0.25－1.0 g/kg) also significantly inhibited carrageenan-induced paw edema, adjuvant arthritis, and inflammatory mediators-induced vascular permeability in rats (P < 0.05, 0.001). Conclusion These findings confirm that the ginger oil can be used to treat pain and chronic inflammation such as rheumatic arthritis.
Research Progress on Chemical Constituents of Cistanches Herba and their Pharmacological Effects
Lin–lin Wang, Hui Ding, Yao Shi, Qing-hai Lai, He–shui Yu, Li-juan Zhang, Xin-bo Song
2015,7(), DOI:
[Abstract] (2637) [HTML] (0) [PDF 273.72 K] (9362)
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Cistanches Herba, a famous traditional Chinese materia medica, has a laudatory title “desert ginseng”. According to Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2000, Cistanches Herba is the dry fleshy stem with scale-like leaves of Cistanche deserticola. In order to expand the drug source, Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2005 increased the plants in Cistanche Hoffmg. et Link (Orobanchaceae), C. tubulosa, and dry scaly leaf succulent stems were as genuine Cistanches Herba and still in use. In order to have more comprehensive understanding on Cistanches Herba, this paper focuses the reviews on the biological characteristics, chemical constituents, and pharmacological activities of Cistanches Herba, and its development prospects are looked forward. It provides the relative theoretical basis for the subsequent research work of Cistanches Herba and can be conducive to the development and utilization of Cistanches Herba.
Bioactivities and Pharmaceutical Effects of 1-Aminocyclopro- panecarboxylic Acid
ZHU Qin-wei, KRAEMER Alexander, ZHU Xu-xiang
2010,2(2):81-105, DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-6384.2010.02.001
[Abstract] (3778) [HTML] (0) [PDF 822.05 K] (9090)
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Objective The 1-aminocyclopropanecarboxylic acid (ACPC) is a natural micromolecule non-protein amino acid that exists only in plants. Despite the determination of its regulating effects on plants, several bioactivities and effects on animals or humans are still unclear. This review focuses the pharmaceutical effects，above all, the neuroprotective effects of ACPC on the cerebro- and cardiovascular system. Methods Two hundred and seventy nine studies were selected and identified from a total of 2457 references in Medline and Chemical Abstracts from 1957 to 2008. Only 38 articles on neuroprotective effects of ACPC from seven different countries qualified to be included in the analysis. Results ACPC has altogether following six general neuroprotective effects on the brain and nervous system: anti-neurotoxicity induced by NMDA, dynorphin-A, glutamate, and morphine; protection from cerebral neurological injury induced by ischemia; antidepressant and anxiolytic effects; anti-convulsion and -seizures and control of epilepsy; facilitation of spatial learning and memory; and the effect of reducing alcohol consumption. Conclusion ACPC has shown a variety of effects on plants and animals. The bioactivities and pharmaceutical effects on animals are of great significance to medical research and public health. Further clinical trials or epidemiological studies are needed to determine its effect in humans. Food intervention with ACPC-rich vegetables and fruits may be a suitable therapy for cerebro- and cardiovascular system diseases. Administration of trace exogenous ACPC could produce vegetables and fruits of rich endogenous ACPC.
Concentration Prediction of Total Flavonoids in Aurantii Fructus Extraction Process: Locally Weighted Regression versus Kinetic Model Equation Based on Ficks Law
Yang Chen, Jun-hui Shen, Jian Ni, Meng-jie Xu, Hao-ran Dou, Jing Fu, Xiao-xu Dong
2015,7(), DOI:
[Abstract] (2544) [HTML] (0) [PDF 324.52 K] (9063)
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Objective To predict the total flavonoids concentration of Aurantii Fructus fried with bran in its extraction process. Methods Ultraviolet spectrophotometry was used to determine the concentration of total flavonoids in different extraction time (t ) and solvent load (M ). Then the predicted procedure was carried out using the following data: 1) based on Ficks second law, the parameters of the kinetic model could be deduced and the equation was established; 2) Locally weighted regression (LWR) code was developed in the WEKA software environment to predict the concentration. And then we used both methods to predict the concentration of total flavonoids in new experiments. Results After comparing the predicted results with the experimental data, the LWR model had better accuracy and performance in the prediction. Conclusion LWR is applied to analyze the extraction process of Chinese herb for the first time, and it is totally fit for the extraction. LWR-based system is a more simple and accurate way to predict than the established equation. It is a good choice especially for a process which exists no clearly rules, and can be used in the real-time control during the process.
Chemical and Pharmacological Researches on Hyoscyamus niger
LI Jun, SHI Ji, YU Xin-wen, SUN Jing-kuan, MEN Qi-ming, KANG Ting-guo
2011,3(2):117-126, DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-6384.2011.02.006
[Abstract] (4957) [HTML] (0) [PDF 211.05 K] (9012)
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The reports on chemical constituents of Hyoscyamus niger were summarized. The compounds include alkaloids, saponins, lignans, coumarinolignans, flavonoids, and some other nonalkaloidal compounds. TLC, HPLC, and GC were used for the qualitative and quantitative analyses of some chemical constituents in H. niger. Modern pharmacological experiments showed that H. niger had the analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, anticonvulsant, spasmolytic, antidiarrhoeal, antisecretory, bronchodilatory, urinary bladder relaxant, hypotensive, cardiosuppressant, vasodilator, antitumor, and feeding deterrent properties. In addition, the toxicities of this medicinal plant were also described.
In silico Molecular Docking Study of Repensine and Bentysrepinine against HBV DNA Polymerase
Fan-cui Meng, Wei-ren Xu, Ya-zhuo Li, Zheng-ming Huang, Guang-yi Liang, Chang-xiao Liu
2015,7(), DOI:
[Abstract] (2681) [HTML] (0) [PDF 488.37 K] (8545)
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Bentysrepinine (Y101), a derivative of repensine, is a novel di-peptide structure isolated from Dichondra repens. In vitro and in vivo tests exhibited that bentysrepinine markedly inhibited DNA-HBV and cccDNA activities. The binding mode of Y101 and repensine with DNA polymerase was driven by hydrophobic interactions. This might provide novel recognition of inhibitory effect of Y101 against HBV, though its inhibition mechanism needs to be validated by bio-assay at cellular level and of polymerase activity. Preliminary docking study suggested that Y101 might be able to inhibit HIV inverse transcriptase, also have the potential to interact with DNA polymerase and HCV NS5B polymerase.
Network Pharmacology for Traditional Chinese Medicine Research: Methodologies and Applications
Yu-feng Liu, Ni Ai, Anthony Keys, Xiao-hui Fan, Min-jun Chen
2015,7(), DOI:
[Abstract] (2080) [HTML] (0) [PDF 299.63 K] (8455)
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The inception of network pharmacology comes from the advance in “multi-target, multi-drug” paradigm and opens up a new field for pharmaceutical science. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is well-known for its use of medicinal herb combinations to treat the functional disorders induced by diseases through a holistic view, which naturally followed the principal of network pharmacology. In this review, the methodologies of network pharmacology in TCM studies were summarized. Specifically, the methodologies for network construction and network analysis were detailed by following several TCM study cases followed. The perspectives for TCM network pharmacology were also provided.
Simultaneous Determination of Five Hydrophilic and Lipophilic Components from roots of Salvia miltiorrhiza by HPLC
Li-lan Lu, Shuang Hou, Ting-ting Zheng, Xing-li Zhang, Jian-he Wei
2015,7(), DOI:
[Abstract] (2364) [HTML] (0) [PDF 360.32 K] (8053)
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Objective A reversed-phase HPLC method was established for the simultaneous determination of five hydrophilic and lipophilic components in the roots of Salvia miltiorrhiza. Methods Hydrophilic components including danshensu, protocatechuic aldehyde, and salvianolic acid B, and lipophilic components such as cryptotanshinone and tanshinone IIA, were successfully separated on a Waters Symmetry C18 reverse- phase column (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm), with acetonitrile-0.5% phosphoric acid (gradient elution) as mobile phase, the detection wavelength was set at 281 nm with flow rate of 1.0 mL/min, and the column temperature was maintained at 30 °C. Results The recovery of the method was in the range of 95.1%–102.5% and the precision was less than 3% for all five analytes. All the compounds showed good linearity (R2 > 0.9990) in a relatively wide concentration range. Therefore, this HPLC method demonstrated good reproducibility, stability, and accuracy in validation studies. Conclusion Simultaneous quanti?cation of the multiple components by HPLC would be a better strategy for the quality evaluation on the roots of S. miltiorrhiza.
Reflecting the Steps of Modernization of Chinese Materia Medica from the Papers in Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs in 2009
LIU Yan-ze, DAN Yang, PENG Yong, XIAO Pei-gen
2010,2(3):180-188, DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-6384.2010.03.004
[Abstract] (2537) [HTML] (0) [PDF 265.22 K] (7883)
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The publications on the journal of Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs in Vol.40, 2009 are briefly reviewed in the categories of chemical constituents, preparations and technologies, analysis and quality control, pharmacological and clinical studies, reviews, and finally healthy principles. Some comments, especially for hot topics have been personally provided.