Objective: In Pakistan, traditional medicines are an important component of the medical system, with numerous varieties and great demands. However, due to the scattered resources and the lack of systematic collection and collation, adulteration of traditional Pakistani medicine (TPM) is common, which severely affects the safety of their medicinal use and the import and export trades. Therefore, it is urgent to systematically organize and unify the management of TPM and establish a set of standards and operable methods for the identification of TPM. Methods: We collected and organized the information on 128 TPMs with regard to their medicinal parts, efficacy, usage, and genetic material, based on Pakistan Hamdard Pharmacopoeia of Eastern Medicine: Pharmaceutical Codex. The genetic information of TPM is summarized from national center for biotechnology information (NCBI) and global pharmacopoeia genome database (GPGD). Furthermore, we utilized bioinformatics technology to supplement the chloroplast genome (cp-genome) data of 12 TPMs. To build the web server, we used the Linux + Apache + MySQL + PHP (LAMP) system and constructed the webpage on a PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor (PHP) model view controller (MVC) framework. Results: We constructed a new genomic database, the traditional Pakistani medicine genomic database (TPMGD). This database comprises five entries, namely homepage, medicinal species, species identification, basic local alignment search tool (BLAST), and download. Currently, TPMGD contains basic profiles of 128 TPMs and genetic information of 102 TPMs, including 140 cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) sequences and 119 mitochondrial genome sequences from Bombyx mori, 1 396 internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) sequences and 1 074 intergenic region (psbA-trnH) sequences specific to 92 and 83 plant species, respectively. Additionally, TPMGD includes 199 cp-genome sequences of 82 TPMs. Conclusion: TPMGD is a multifunctional database that integrates species description, functional information inquiry, genetic information storage, molecular identification of TPM, etc. The database not only provides convenience for TPM information queries but also establishes the scientific basis for the medication safety, species identification, and resource protection of TPM.
关键词:
叶绿体基因组;数据库;DNA条形码;巴基斯坦;传统药物
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Project Supported:
This study was supported by the Scientific and technological innovation project of the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences (No. CI2021A03712, CI2021A03710), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Public Welfare Research institutes (No. ZZ15YQ-039), the National Key R&D Program of China (No.2021YFE0100900), and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 82204579). We thank Dr. Baosheng Liao (Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine) for his technical support and database construction.
Rushuang Xiang a, b,c,, Huihua Wan a, b,, Wei Sun a, b, Baozhong Duan c, Weiqian Chen a, b, Sifan Wang a, b, Chi Song b, Shilin Chen b, Yan Wang d, Atia-tul Wahab e, M. Iqbal Choudhary d, Xiangxiao Meng a, b,*. TPMGD: A genomic database for the traditional medicines in Pakistan[J]. Chinese Herbal Medicines (CHM),2025,17(1):87-93
