Astragalus membranaceus possesses the function of enhancing immunity, protecting the liver, diuretic, anti-aging, anti-stress, anti-hypertensive, and more extensive antibacterial effects. Polysaccharides, one kind of the major active ingredients of A. membranaceus, are considered to be responsible for their versatile use. Now, a systematic summary of research progress and prospects of polysaccharides from A. membranaceus polysaccharides (AMPs) is necessary to facilitate their further study and application. In this review, the optimal extraction methods, structural features, biological activities, and applications of AMPs were emphasized. The structure–activity relationships are also analyzed and elucidated. Solvent, ultrasonic, microwave, enzyme-assisted, ultra-high pressure, and combined methods have been used to extract AMPs. Among them, solvent extraction is the most commonly used method because it is simple and easy to operate, but the efficiency needs to be improved further. The ultra-high pressure method is the most efficient but has a low economic return. AMPs exhibited various bioactivities, including immunomodulation, antitumor, and antidiabete. The structure–activity relationships revealed that different structure configurations, chain conformations, and physical properties would have different bioactivities. However, the new method for purification of certain polysaccharides, detailed structure–activity relationships (SAR), mechanisms of bioactivities, and quality control of AMPs need to be extensively investigated.
关键词:
抗糖尿病活性;抗肿瘤;应用;黄芪;黄芪多糖;提取工艺;免疫调节;构效关系
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This work was supported by Innovation Team and Talents Cultivation Program of the National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine (No. ZYYCXTD-D-202005), Key project at central government level (No. 2060302), National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81872956), and Special Project for Transformation of Scientific and Technological Achievements in Qinghai Province (No. 2021-SF-150).
Hongyue Tian a, Lingzhuo An a, Pengwang Wang a, Xuemin Zhang b, Wenyuan Gao a, c, Xia Li a,*. Review of Astragalus membranaceus polysaccharides: Extraction process, structural features, bioactivities and applications[J]. Chinese Herbal Medicines (CHM),2025,17(1):56-69
