Bacillus and microalgae biofertilizers improved quality and biomass of Salvia miltiorrhiza by altering microbial communities
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摘要:
目的：生物肥料具有多种优点，是化肥的可靠替代品。然而，生物肥料对丹参产量和品质的影响及其可能的机制尚不清楚。因此，本研究探究了施用芽孢杆菌和微藻两种生物肥料后对田间丹参的影响。 方法：对一年生丹参进行了田间试验。共设六组处理：(i) 不施用菌剂的对照组, CK; (ii) 单施用微藻, VZ; (iii) 单施用芽孢杆菌, TTB; (iv) 微藻+芽孢杆菌 (1:1), VTA; (v) 微藻+芽孢杆菌 (0.5:1), VTB; (vi) 微藻+芽孢杆菌 (1:0.5), VTC。本研究采用高通量测序、ICP-MS和UPLC分别对微生物多样性和结构组成、丹参中重金属和活性成分含量变化进行了系统的研究。 结果：与对照相比，菌剂处理组的丹参根系生物量增加了29.31%?60.39% (P < 0.001)。同时，施用生物肥料后，丹参中生物活性成分的含量明显增高，特别是在TTB和VTB处理中。但是，在VTC和TTB处理中，丹参根中Pb的含量分别显著降低了46.03% 和37.58% (P < 0.05)。在VTA处理中，土壤中有效氮的含量显著提升了53.03% (P < 0.05), 土壤肥力有所改善。除此之外，在菌剂处理组中，土壤中细菌和真菌的Chao I 多样性指数明显提高 (P < 0.05), 并且生物改良剂增加了根际土壤中有益微生物的丰度，包括可促进植物生长的微生物(Achromobacter and Penicillium), 可吸收重金属的微生物 (Achromobacter and Beauveria), 可抑制植物病原菌的微生物(Plectosphaerella, Lechevalieria, Sorangium, Phlebiopsis and Beauveria)以及可促进活性物质积累的微生物 (Beauveria and Phoma)。 结论: 芽孢杆菌和微藻生物肥料可以通过改变土壤中的微生物群落来提高丹参的品质和生物量。
Abstract:
Objective: Biofertilizers are reliable alternatives to chemical fertilizers due to various advantages. However, the effect of biofertilizers on Salvia miltiorrhiza yield and quality and the possible mechanisms remain little known. Here, an experiment was conducted in S. miltiorrhiza field treated with two kinds of biofertilizers including Bacillus and microalgae. Methods: A field experiment was conducted on S. miltiorrhiza of one year old. The biofertilizers were applied at six treatments: (i) control check, CK; (ii) microalgae, VZ; (iii) Bacillus, TTB; (iv) microalgae + Bacillus (1:1), VTA; (v) microalgae + Bacillus (0.5:1), VTB; (vi) microalgae + Bacillus (1:0.5), VTC. Here, high-throughput sequencing, ICP-MS and UPLC were employed to systematically characterize changes of microbial diversity and structure composition, heavy metals content and bioactive compounds, respectively. Results: Compared to CK, root biomass increased by 29.31%-60.39% (P < 0.001). Meanwhile, bioactive compounds were higher than CK after the application of the biofertilizers, peculiarly in TTB and VTB. However, the content of Pb contents in roots significantly reduced by 46.03% and 37.58% respectively in VTC and TTB (P < 0.05). VTA application notably increased the available nitrogen content by 53.03% (P < 0.05), indicating the improvement of soil fertility. Significantly, bacterial and fungal Chao I diversity indices showed an increasing trend with biofertilizer application (P < 0.05), and biofertilizer amendment enriched the rhizosphere soil with beneficial microorganisms that have abilities on promoting plant growth (Achromobacter and Penicillium), adsorbing heavy metal (Achromobacter and Beauveria), controlling plant pathogen (Plectosphaerella, Lechevalieria, Sorangium, Phlebiopsis and Beauveria) and promoting the accumulation of metabolites (Beauveria and Phoma). Conclusion: Bacillus and microalgae biofertilizers improved the quality and biomass of S. miltiorrhiza by altering microbial communities in soil.
关键词:
生物肥料;植物生长;品质;根际微生物;丹参
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Project Supported:
This work was supported by grants from the CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences (CIFMS, No. 2021-I2M-1-071).
Xuemin Wei, Xuanjiao Bai, Pei Cao, Gang Wang, Jianping Han *, Zheng Zhang *. Bacillus and microalgae biofertilizers improved quality and biomass of Salvia miltiorrhiza by altering microbial communities[J]. Chinese Herbal Medicines (CHM),2023,15(1):45-56
