药引是中药特殊服法的一大特色，而对常用药引的作用及选择缺乏基本的认识或存在一定的误解，药引运用不当，将导致临床疗效不佳或不良反应等一系列问题。以《中国药典》2015年版提及药引的中成药制剂为切入点，归纳出常用的中药药引，结合古今文献，从减毒增效、引药入经、矫味矫臭、引药达病的角度剖析常用中药药引的作用，探讨常用药引的应用规律、适应证与用法用量，对如何选择药引及注意事项提出探索性的思考，以期为临床合理用药提供依据。

“Guiding herbs" is one of the characteristics of the special way of taking Chinese materia medica (CMM). However, some people have misunderstanding or lack of basic knowledge about how to choose the guiding herbs and its effect, leading to the poor clinical effect or even toxic effects because of improper decoction. This study attempts to analyze the action of the common guiding herbs in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2015 edition) from the perspective of reducing toxicity and increasing efficacy, returning drug to its channels, and put forward exploratory thinking on how to choose the guiding herbs to provide scientific evidence for promoting the rational use of drugs in clinic.

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国家自然科学基金资助项目（81673618）；中华医学会临床药学分会-吴阶平基金会青年基金项目（LCYX-Q025）；国家中医药管理局岐黄学者项目（10400633210004）