目的 研究中药煮散的粉体特征及其水煎液中成分的分散溶出行为,为煮散的粒径控制及实际应用提供实验依据。方法 选取黄芩、黄连、葛根、甘草4种饮片制成煮散,考察其粒度分布、流动性等粉体特征及水煎液中混悬性微粒的分散属性,并比较煮散与饮片煎煮有效成分的溶出行为。结果 黄芩、黄连、甘草煮散粒度分散均匀,流动性好,葛根煮散稍差。煮散与饮片水煎液中大多为亚微米级颗粒,而光学和电学性质显示煮散水煎液中的微粒较多、较大、易沉降,具有非均相液体的特征,而其成分溶出速度、溶出量均明显高于饮片。结论 煮散作为新型饮片之一,能增加药效物质的溶出,缩短煎煮时间,提高药材利用度,值得研究推广。

Objective To study the powder characteristics and dissolution behavior of the composition in decoction for boiling powders of Chinese materia medica, and to provide scientific evidence for particle size control and its application. Methods Four kinds of herbal pieces such as Scutellariae Radix, Coptidis Rhizoma, Puerariae Radix, and Glycyrrhizae Preparata Radix were prepared in powders. Powder characteristics including particles distribution and mobility, and dispersion properties of particles in the water decoction were investigated. Additionally, dissolution behaviors of the composition in decoction made from powders and pieces were compared. Results Well-distributed particles and high mobility were observed in Scutellariae Radix, Coptidis Rhizoma, and Glycyrrhizae Radix Preparata powders, rather than in Puerariae Radix powder. The suspended particles in the decoction in both powders and pieces were submicron. However, optical and electrical properties showed that the suspended particles in the decoction made from powders were more, bigger, and easier to settle as heterogeneous liquid was. Dissolution velocity and amount of the active ingredients in the decoction made from powders were significantly higher than those of pieces. Conclusion As a new type of herbal decoction which could increase the dissolution of active ingredients, it could shorten decocting duration and improve the availability of herbs. The boiling powders are worth being studied and promoted.

国家“973计划”项目(2010CB530601);北京市科委项目(Z121102001112010)