目的 通过比较9个不同株系一年生石斛苗(T5、T3、T2、YD-1、W-3、GDYS、TN、W-1和T4)的生长势及有效成分量,筛选具有较高开发利用价值的石斛株系。方法 采用生理学及生药学常规方法测定石斛苗生长情况和有效成分量,并用SPSS 11.5统计分析软件对有效成分的测定值进行系统聚类分析。结果 T4长势最好,T2长势最差,其余株系介于其间;聚类分析将9个株系分为3类:第1类包括GDYS、TN、T5、T4,该类石斛的多数有效成分的量相近且高于其他株系;第2类包括W-3、YD-1、T3,这类石斛的有效成分平均量位于第2位;第3类包括W-1和T2,这2个株系的多数有效成分的量较低。结论 GDYS、TN、T5和T4可作为优良株系进行规模化生产;W-3、YD-1、T3和T2可作为种质资源保存,不宜大规模种植;W-1的生物碱和灰分量较高,可作为专门的提取原料,也可作为回交亲本用于改良优良株系的个别不良性状。

Objective To screen higher value Dendrobii strains for development and utilization, the growth vigor and active ingredient contents of nine annual Herba Dendrobii seedlings (T5, T3, T2, YD-1, W-3, GDYS, TN, W-1, and T4) were studied. Methods The growth and active ingredient contents were measured by the physiological and pharmacognosical methods. Cluster analysis was carried out by SPSS11.5 statistical analysis software. Results The most desirable growth was T4 while that of T2 was the worst, and the other strains were between them. The nine different strains could be divided into three groups by cluster analysis: The first group included GDYS, TN, T5, and T4, in which the most of the active ingredient indicators were similar and higher than other strains. The second group included W-3, YD-1, and T3, in which there were the second average contents. The third group included W-1 and T2, in which there were lower contents in most active ingredients. Conclusion GDYS, TN, T5, and T4 could be produced in large scale as good strains, while W-3, YD-1, T3, and T2 could be conserved as germplasm resources, but unfavorable to grow in large scale. The strain of W-1 has a higher content of alkaloids and ash, which could be used as the special extracting materials or the backcrossed parents to improve the individual unfavorable traits of good strains.

四川省教育厅重点项目(13ZA-0007,14ZA0250);四川省教育厅高校科研创新团队项目(14TD0025)