[关键词]
[摘要]
目的从生态型出发,研究国产著名道地药材川丹参 Salvia miltiorrhiza大叶型、小叶型和野生型品种资源特性。方法采用道地主产区专题调研法和系统选择法,在无公害的适宜丘陵生态区,应用系统分离纯化种源和规范化种植 (SOP)技术,3× 5随机区组排列,连续 3年品比试验及其专题实验研究,t检验比较。结果丹参大叶型、小叶型、野生型品种间的生物学性状及生产力、抗病性、商品产量特性具有极显著差异 (P<0.0 0 1),生态适应性、植株特征、花粉粒、染色体、同功酶和品质特性均有显著差别,综述了丹参品种资源特性。结论首次确立了川丹参的品种资源类型,建立了丹参品种资源分型研究的性状和生产力特性指标体系,小叶型丹参为川丹参的优质商高产新品种,利用具有繁殖能力的川野丹参品种资源填补了栽培川丹参不能有性繁殖生产的研究空白,传统主流大叶型丹参应十分注重复壮研究。本研究为丹参品种资源的合理开发利用和实施丹参的 GAP生产提供了重要的科学依据。
[Key word]
[Abstract]
Object To study, in terms of ecotype, the resource characteristics of the varieties in national well known genuine herbs of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge., S. miltiorrhiza cv. sativa, S. miltiorrhiza cv silcestris and S. miltiorrhiza cv foliolum. Methods By the methods of special survey and systematic selection in the main productive areas, the techniques of dissociating, puring germ plasms and standard operation practice (SOP) were adopted at inpublic nuisances hills. With 3×5 random group arrangement, the variety comparison of special experimental study in a 3 year continuous session and t test were carried out. Results The significant differences (P0 001) of biological character, productivity, disease resistant, and commodity yield of above three herbs were observed. On the other hand, there were the obvious differences of ecoadaptability, plantlet property, pollen granule, chromosome, isoenzyme, and quality. Then the variety resource characteristics were reviewed. Conclusion The variety resource types of S. miltiorrhiza is first established, and the characteristic index system of S. miltiorrhiza in Sichuan Province is set up in variety resources study and productivity characters. S. miltoffhiza cv silcestris is a new of S. miltorrhiza in Sichuan Province with the high quality and yield. The variety resource of S. miltiorrhiza cv foliolum in Sichuan possessing in rich reproductive capacity will be used to fill in the gaps of the production of S. miltiorrhiza in Sichuan Province, which couldn't be cultivated in sexual reproductions. The rejuvenesencece study of traditional S. miltiorrhiza cv sativa should be emphasized. Generally, the above study provides the scientific basis for making the rational development and utilization of S. miltiorrhiza resources, so as to put the GAP production into effect.
[中图分类号]
[基金项目]
国家基础重大研究项目“方剂关键科学问题基础研究”(G1999054404)