血管内皮细胞功能异常是多种疾病的重要病因，并在相关病理过程中发挥关键作用。同时，血管内皮细胞也是活血化瘀类中药的关键靶细胞之一。丹参作为活血化瘀的代表药物，具有活血祛瘀、通经止痛、宁心安神等多重功效，临床常用于治疗心脑血管疾病。水溶性的丹酚酸类及脂溶性的丹参酮类成分是丹参中含量最丰富、研究最广泛的活性成分。现代药理研究表明，丹参及其有效成分通过减少细胞氧化应激、降低炎症反应、抑制糖酵解、调节自噬、抑制凋亡等途径调节内皮细胞功能，从而在心脑血管疾病、动脉粥样硬化、肿瘤、糖尿病、肾病等疾病中发挥作用。研究持续揭示丹参的多种药理作用，为其在调节内皮细胞功能、治疗相关疾病提供了科学依据。通过对丹参及其有效成分调节血管内皮细胞功能的药理机制进展进行综述，并总结了其在相关疾病中的应用，为深入理解丹参的药理作用提供了重要参考。

Dysfunction of vascular endothelial cells is an important cause of various diseases and plays a key role in related pathological processes. Vascular endothelial cells are also a crucial target for blood-activating and stasis-dispelling medicinals. Danshen (Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), a representative blood-activating and stasis-resolving drug, exerts multiple effects, including promoting blood circulation, relieving pain, calming the mind, and is widely used in the treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. The water-soluble salvianolic acids and lipophilic tanshinones are the most abundant and extensively studied active components of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma. Modern pharmacological studies have shown that Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma and its bioactive constituents regulate endothelial cell functions through multiple pathways: mitigating oxidative stress, suppressing inflammatory responses, inhibiting glycolysis, modulating autophagy, and preventing apoptosis, thus playing a role in cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease, atherosclerosis, tumors, diabetes, nephropathy and other diseases. Emerging research continues to elucidate the diverse pharmacological properties of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, providing scientific evidence for its application in regulating endothelial cell function and disease management. This review systematically summarizes recent advances in the pharmacological mechanisms by which Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma and its active constituents modulate vascular endothelial cell functions, along with their therapeutic applications in related diseases, providing an important reference for an in-depth understanding of the pharmacological effects of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma.

R285

国家自然科学基金资助项目（82404986）