睡眠障碍主要表现为入睡困难，睡眠质量差和情绪烦躁，严重影响患者的生活质量，并与多种慢性疾病密切相关。近年来我国睡眠障碍患者发病率逐年上升，甚至出现年轻化的发展趋势，急需有效药物进行治疗。化学药虽有良好的治疗效果，但存在一定的不良反应和影响睡眠结构等问题，而中药不良反应较小，且在治疗睡眠障碍方面展现巨大潜力，并在临床上多用于治疗睡眠障碍，但具体机制尚未完全明晰，同时缺乏系统性的梳理和归纳。因此通过对中西医对睡眠障碍的认识，中药活性成分和复方治疗睡眠障碍的研究现状进行综述，旨在探讨中药治疗睡眠障碍的有效性和作用机制，为临床药物应用、研究和开发提供参考。

Sleep disorders, mainly characterized by difficulty in falling asleep, poor sleep quality and emotional irritability, seriously affect the quality of life of patients and are closely related to a variety of chronic diseases. In recent years, the incidence of patients with sleep disorders in China has been increasing year by year, and even the development trend of youthfulness has appeared, and there is an urgent need for effective drugs for treatment. Although chemical drugs have good therapeutic effects, but they have certain adverse reactions and affect the sleep structure and other problems, while traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has less adverse reactions, and shows great potential in treatment of sleep disorders, and is mostly used in clinical practice to treat sleep disorders, but the specific mechanism has not yet been completely clear, and there is a lack of systematic sorting out and generalization at the same time. Therefore, by reviewing the understanding of sleep disorders in Chinese and Western medicine, and the current status of research on treatment of sleep disorders by single and compound Chinese medicines, this study aims to explore the effectiveness and mechanism of action of TCM in treatment of sleep disorders, and provide references for clinical drug application, research and development.

R282

国家自然科学基金资助项目（82174099）；国家自然科学基金资助项目（81473415）；山西省基础应用项目面上项目（20210302123432）；名优晋药功效物质研究与开发利用山西省重点实验室；地产中药功效物质研究与利用山西省重点实验室项目（202105D121009）；国家中医药管理局全国老药工传承工作室建设项目；山西省“1331工程”重点协同创新中心；山西省科技创新团队；化学生物学与分子工程教育部重点实验室