玉屏风散始载于南宋《究原方》，由黄芪、白术、防风3味药配伍而成，具有益气固表止汗之功效，已有综述多聚焦于其化学成分、药理活性或单一疾病的治疗进展，而对“临床证据-作用机制-物质基础”三者关联的系统整合尚显不足。通过从“多成分-多靶点-多通路”视角归纳玉屏风散在不同疾病中的共性调控网络，提炼其“异病同治”的科学内涵，并从循证证据、临床规律、功效物质及作用机制4个维度提出具体研究路径，构建四位一体的研究体系，推动玉屏风散的精准化应用与深入开发。

Yupingfeng Powder (玉屏风散) was first recorded in Jiu Yuan Fang of the Southern Song Dynasty. It is composed of three herbs—Huangqi (Astragali Radix), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), and Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix)—and possesses the therapeutic effects of tonifying qi, consolidating the exterior, and arresting sweating. Existing reviews have primarily focused on its chemical constituents, pharmacological activities, or therapeutic progress in a single disease, whereas a systematic integration of the tripartite relationship among “clinical evidence-mechanism of action-material basis” remains insufficient. From a “multi-component, multi-target, multi-pathway” perspective, this article synthesizes the common regulatory networks of Yupingfeng Powder across different diseases, elucidates the scientific basis of its principle of “treating different diseases with the same method,” and proposes concrete research pathways across four dimensions: evidence-based validation, clinical therapeutic patterns, bioactive substances, and mechanisms of action. By constructing a four-in-one research framework, this review aims to advance the precise clinical application and in-depth development of Yupingfeng Powder.

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国家自然科学基金资助项目（81973670）；湖南省自然科学基金资助项目（2025JJ80078，2026JJ81082）；湖南中医药大学2025年省级大学生创新创业训练计划项目（S202510541160）