目的 对1995—2025年中医药防治膝骨关节炎（knee osteoarthritis，KOA）的中英文文献进行计量学分析，可视化呈现其研究现状、发展脉络、合作网络、热点主题及前沿趋势。方法 以中国知网（CNKI）万方（Wanfang）和维普（VIP）为数据源，检索1995年1月—2025年12月相关中文文献；以Web of Science（WOS）为数据源，检索1998年1月—2025年12月相关英文文献，运用CiteSpace与VOSviewer软件对发文趋势、国家、机构、作者、关键词等进行可视化分析，并绘制知识图谱。结果 共纳入6 093篇文献，其中中文文献5 242篇，英文文献851篇。总体发文量呈波动上升趋势，中国在该领域的研究产出与合作均占据主导地位。核心研究机构以广州中医药大学、福建中医药大学、北京中医药大学等为代表。关键词分析显示，当前研究热点集中于临床疗效、作用机制、中药复方、针灸推拿等传统疗法。突现词与聚类分析表明，前沿趋势正转向网络药理学、代谢组学、程序性细胞死亡、肠道菌群-关节轴、自组装纳米载体及金属有机框架等交叉学科与新型递药系统的机制探索与应用研究。结论 中医药防治KOA研究已进入快速发展与深度整合阶段，在坚持临床疗效验证的同时，日益与现代科技深度融合，研究向系统生物学、精准医学和智能递药转变。未来有望通过多组学整合、分子分型及创新剂型研发，在KOA的预防、早期干预与疾病修饰治疗中发挥更关键的作用。

Objective To conduct a bibliometric analysis of Chinese and English literature on the prevention and treatment of knee osteoarthritis (KOA) by traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) from 1995 to 2025, and visualize its research status, development context, cooperation network, hot topics and frontier trends. Methods Relevant Chinese literature from January 1995 to December 2025 were retrieved from CNKI, Wanfang and VIP, and relevant English literatures from January 1998 to December 2025 were retrieved from Web of Science (WOS). CiteSpace and VOSviewer software were used to visually analyze the trend of publication, countries, institutions, authors, keywords, etc., and draw a knowledge map. Results A total of 6 093 literature were included, including 5 242 Chinese literature and 851 English literature. The overall number of publications showed a fluctuating upward trend, and Chinese research output and cooperation in this field were dominant. The core research institutions are represented by Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Beijing University of Chinese Medicine. Keyword analysis showed that the current research hotspots focused on traditional therapies such as clinical efficacy, mechanism of action, traditional Chinese medicine compound, acupuncture and massage. Emergent words and cluster analysis showed that the frontier trend was turning to the mechanism exploration and application research of interdisciplinary and new drug delivery systems such as network pharmacology, metabolomics, programmed cell death, intestinal flora-articular axis, self-assembled nanocarriers and metal-organic frameworks. Conclusion Research on TCM for KOA prevention and treatment has entered a phase of rapid development and deep integration. While continuing to validate clinical efficacy, it is increasingly converging with modern technologies, shifting the research paradigm toward systems biology, precision medicine, and intelligent drug delivery. Through the integration of multi-omics, molecular subtyping, and the development of innovative formulations, TCM holds promise for playing a more pivotal role in the prevention, early intervention, and disease-modifying treatment of KOA.

G350;R285

云南省科技厅社会发展专项-重点研发计划项目（202303AC100025）；云南省孔令义专家工作站（202605AF350055）；国家自然科学基金资助项目（82174065）；云南省科技厅基础研究计划面上项目（202501AT070337）