黄芩汤，为中医临床常用的经典名方之一，由黄芩、芍药、甘草和大枣配伍而成。此方具有清热燥湿、解毒化瘀等功效，主治湿热痢疾，现代临床广泛应用于治疗消化系统疾病。中医药治疗恶性肿瘤的独特优势在于其整体调节特性，能够多途径、多机制、多靶点发挥作用。通过检索近年文献，对该复方的化学物质基础、多靶点作用机制进行系统梳理并综述。现代研究结果表明黄芩汤中含有黄芩苷、汉黄芩苷、黄芩素、汉黄芩素、甘草酸、甘草苷、芍药苷、芍药内酯苷等14种化学成分，其发挥治疗结直肠癌的作用机制复杂。进一步探讨黄芩汤治疗结直肠癌的药效物质基础与作用机制，旨在为未来结直肠癌（colorectal cancer，CRC）新型高效治疗机制的研究、临床应用及新药开发提供理论依据和参考。

Huangqin Decoction is one of the classic prescriptions commonly used in Chinese medicine, consisting of Scutellariae Radix, Paeoniae Radix Rubra, Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma and Jujubae Fructus. This formula has the effects of clearing heat and drying dampness, removing toxins and removing blood stasis, etc. It is mainly used for treating damp-heat dysentery, and is widely used in the treatment of digestive diseases in modern clinics. The unique advantage of Chinese medicine in the treatment of malignant tumors lies in its overall regulatory properties, which can play a role in multiple pathways, mechanisms and targets. This article systematically comprehends and reviews the chemical substance basis and multi-target mechanism of action of this formula by searching the literature in recent years. The results of modern research indicate that Huangqin Decoction contains 14 chemical components, including baicalin, wogonoside, baicalin, wogonin, glycyrrhizic acid, liquiritin, paeoniflorin, albiflorin, etc., and it exerts a complex mechanism of action in the treatment of colorectal cancer. This article contributes to the in-depth understanding of the pharmacodynamic material basis and mechanism of action of Huangqin Decoction for the treatment of colorectal cancer, aiming to provide theoretical basis and reference for the future research, clinical application, and development of new drugs for the novel and efficient therapeutic mechanism of colorectal cancer (CRC).

R28；R285

安徽省高等学校科学研究项目（自然科学类）重点项目（2022AH050492）；国家自然科学基金项目（81774189）；安徽中医药大学2022年高层次人才引进科研项目（2022rcyb012）；新安医学与中医药现代化研究所“揭榜挂帅”项目（院字[2023]5号，2023CXMMTCM001）；全国第七批老中医药专家学术经验继承工作指导老师项目（国中医药人教函[2022]76号）