夏枯草Prunellae Spica系唇形科夏枯草属多年生草本植物。作为《中国药典》2020年版收录的经典药材，其清热泻火、明目散结之功效在中医临床实践中得到充分验证。现代研究表明，夏枯草在抗菌、抗炎、抗肿瘤及调节免疫等方面显示出良好的治疗效果。从物质基础层面，其活性成分主要集中于三萜类及酚酸类，这2类成分通过多靶点协同作用机制发挥核心药理活性。在产业化应用方面，夏枯草已形成跨领域开发格局，食品工业中作为知名凉茶品牌的核心原料，其清热降火功效通过现代工艺实现规模化生产；医药领域突破传统给药方式，研制出多种剂型。运用文献计量学方法，结合中国知网和Web of Science数据库近20年研究数据，从资源分布特征、植物学特性、种植管理及药理作用机制4个维度构建研究框架，系统梳理学科交叉研究进展，为建立规范化种植标准、开发功能导向型产品及制定循证医学用药方案提供理论支撑，促进传统药用植物的现代化转型。

Xiakucao (Prunellae Spica) derived from the perennial herb of the Lamiaceae family, is a representative species within the genus Prunella. As a time-honored medicinal herb included in the 2020 edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia, it has been widely validated in clinical practice for its efficacy in clearing heat, purging fire, improving vision, and dissipating nodules. Contemporary pharmacological studies have further revealed its remarkable therapeutic potential in antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, and immunomodulatory domains. At the level of material basis, its bioactive constituents are predominantly triterpenoids and phenolic acids, which exert core pharmacodynamic effects through multi-target synergistic mechanisms. In terms of industrial application, Prunellae Spica has evolved into a cross-sector development model: in the food industry, it serves as a key ingredient in popular herbal teas, with its heat-clearing properties realized through modern mass production techniques; in the pharmaceutical sector, it has transcended traditional modes of administration with the development of diverse dosage forms. Employing bibliometric analysis based on two decades of data from China National Knowledge Infrastructure and Web of Science, this study constructs a comprehensive research framework encompassing resource distribution, botanical characteristics, cultivation practices, and pharmacological mechanisms. The findings offer theoretical guidance for the establishment of standardized cultivation protocols, the innovation of function-oriented products, and the formulation of evidence-based therapeutic strategies, thereby contributing to the modernization and revitalization of traditional medicinal plants.

R285

2024年度湖北省技术创新计划重大项目（2024BCA002）