胆汁淤积性肝损伤（cholestatic liver injury，CLI）由胆汁代谢障碍，肝脏长期暴露于有毒胆汁酸导致。胆汁酸稳态失衡、炎症反应、氧化应激是CLI发展的关键，若未及时治疗可演变为肝纤维化、肝硬化和肝癌，最终引起肝衰竭。研究发现，黄酮类化合物具有抗炎、抗氧化、抗癌及调节关键细胞酶功能等药理活性，能够从恢复胆汁酸稳态、抑制炎症反应和氧化应激等方面有效缓解多种病因导致的CLI，并且不良反应较少，有望成为治疗胆汁淤积性肝病的新型药物。通过对近年来药用植物中黄酮类化合物对CLI的治疗作用及药理机制进行综述，为黄酮类化合物治疗胆汁淤积性肝病的临床应用和新药研发提供参考。

Cholestatic liver injury (CLI) results from disrupted bile metabolism and chronic exposure of the liver to toxic bile acids. Bile acid homeostasis imbalance, inflammatory responses, and oxidative stress are key factors in the development of CLI, which can progress to hepatic fibrosis, cirrhosis, liver neoplasms, and eventually liver failure if treatment is belated. Flavonoids exhibit diverse pharmacological activities, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer effects, coupled with modulation of critical cellular enzymes. They effectively alleviate CLI by restoring bile acid homeostasis, inhibiting inflammatory responses, and reducing oxidative stress, with few adverse reactions. Therefore, flavonoids are expected to be a novel kind of medicine for cholestatic liver disease. This review discusses the therapeutic effects and pharmacological mechanisms of flavonoids, extracted from medicinal plants, on CLI in recent years. Additionally, it provides a reference for the clinical application and the new drug development of flavonoids in treatment of CLI.

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国家自然科学基金资助项目（82360782）；江西省自然科学基金资助项目（20232BAB206170）；江西省中医药管理局科技计划项目（2021A333）；江西省卫生健康委科技计划项目（202211412）；江西省“十四五”期间药学一流专业建设经费（202410412036）；江西中医药大学国家级大学生创新创业训练计划（202410412036）