目的 制备具有特异性识别喜树碱（camptothecin，CPT）的磁性生物炭表面分子印迹聚合物（camptothecin/Fe-biochar-surface molecularly imprinted polymers，CPT/FBC-SMIPs）。方法 采用自由基聚合法，以CPT为模板分子，甲基丙烯酸（methylacrylic acid，MAA）为功能单体，乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯（ethylene dimethacrylate，EGDMA）为交联剂，在磁性生物炭表面构建分子识别位点，并通过扫描电镜（scanning electron microscope，SEM）、振动样品磁强计（vibrating sample magnetometer，VSM）和热重分析（thermal gravimetric analyzer，TGA）等多种表征手段系统研究材料的表面形貌、磁学性能和热稳定性等。结果 在CPT初始质量浓度400 μg/mL吸附30 min时，CPT/FBC-SMIPs展现出最佳吸附性能，最大吸附量达70.13 mg/g，印迹因子3.37，呈现优异的选择性识别提取能力。CPT/FBC-SMIPs经7次吸附-解吸循环后，仍保持初始吸附量的82.22%，表现出良好的结构稳定性。在实际样品分离应用中，该材料对CPT的加样回收率达100.72%～104.08%，未加样回收率亦达86.73%，展现出良好的应用潜力。结论 制备的CPT/FBC-SMIPs具有磁分离、可循环和特异性提取喜树碱的性能。

Objective To prepare magnetic biochar surface molecularly imprinted polymer with specific recognition for camptothecin (CPT). Methods The molecular recognition sites were constructed on the surface of magnetic biochar via free radical polymerization, using CPT as the template molecule, methacrylic acid (MAA) as the functional monomer, and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) as the cross-linker. The surface morphology, magnetic properties, and thermal stability of the material were systematically investigated through scanning electron microscopy (SEM), vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Results Under optimized conditions (initial CPT concentration: 400 μg/mL, adsorption time: 30 min), the CPT/Fe-biochar-surface molecularly imprinted polymers (FBC-SMIPs) demonstrated optimal adsorption performance, achieving a maximum adsorption capacity of 70.13 mg/g and an imprinting factor of 3.37, which confirmed their superior selectivity and extraction efficiency. After seven adsorption-desorption cycles, CPT/FBC-SMIPs still maintained 82.22% of the initial adsorption capacity, showing good structural stability. In practical separation applications, the spiked recovery rate of CPT ranged from 100.72% to 104.08%, while the non-spiked recovery rate reached 86.73%, highlighting its significant potential for real-world utilization. Conclusion The prepared CPT/FBC-SMIPs exhibit the advantages of magnetic separation and specific adsorption, providing a novel approach for the efficient extraction and separation of natural active compounds.

R284.1

国家自然科学基金项目（32371536）；国家自然科学基金项目（32301259）；国家自然科学基金项目（32271527）；浙江省教育厅科研项目（Y202456029）