目的 系统比较金银花Lonicerae Japonicae Flos与山银花Lonicerae Flos入药的连花清瘟方（Lianhua Qingwen Formula，LQF）在化学成分上的差异，阐明替代药材对复方物质基础的影响，为后续金银花和山银花在临床应用中的合理使用及中药复方质量一致性控制提供科学依据。方法 采用UPLC建立LQF的指纹图谱，利用SIMCA 14.1和SPSS 25.0软件进行主成分分析（principal component analysis，PCA）和正交偏最小二乘法-判别分析（orthogonal partial least squares- discrimination analysis，OPLS-DA），筛选并确认影响LQF质量的关键成分；通过定量测定绿原酸、咖啡酸、阿魏酸、木犀草苷、异绿原酸B、异绿原酸A、野漆树苷、异绿原酸C、连翘苷9种酚酸类和黄酮类成分对30批LQF进行质量综合评价。结果 30批LQF的UPLC指纹图谱匹配出15个共有峰，指认9种成分，其中峰2、3（绿原酸）、4、11（异绿原酸B）、12（异绿原酸A）、14（异绿原酸C）6种成分被确定为2类LQF的关键成分。山银花组酚酸类成分含量显著高于金银花组（最高达14.442 mg/g），而黄酮类成分含量普遍低于金银花组。结论 金银花与山银花入药的LQF在化学成分上存在系统性差异，可能影响药效协同作用，临床应谨慎对待药材替代问题，以确保复方疗效与安全性。

Objective This study aimed to systematically compare the chemical composition differences between Lianhua Qingwen Formula (连花清瘟方, LQF) prepared with Jinyinhua (Lonicerae Japonicae Flos, LJF) and Shanyinhua (Lonicerae Flos, LF), clarify the impact of substituted medicinal materials on the pharmacodynamic substance basis of the formula, and provide a scientific foundation for the rational clinical use of LJF and LF, as well as quality consistency control of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formulas. Methods UPLC was employed to establish the fingerprint profiles of LQF. Principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) were performed using SIMCA 14.1 and SPSS 25.0 software to screen and identify key components affecting LQF quality. Nine phenolic acids and flavonoids, including chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, ferulic acid, luteoloside, isochlorogenic acid B, isochlorogenic acid A, rhoifolin, isochlorogenic acid C, and forsythin , were quantitatively analyzed, and the quality of 30 batches of LQF was comprehensively evaluated using entropy-weighted TOPSIS. Results The UPLC fingerprints of 30 batches of LQF matched 15 common peaks, with nine identified components. Among them, six components, namely peak 2, peak 3 (chlorogenic acid), peak 4, peak 11 (isochlorogenic acid B), peak 12 (isochlorogenic acid A), and peak 14 (isochlorogenic acid C), were confirmed as the key components distinguishing the two types of LQF. The LF group exhibited significantly higher phenolic acid content (up to 14.442 mg/g) but lower flavonoid levels compared to the LJF group. However, the content of flavonoids was generally lower than that of honeysuckle group. Conclusion Systematic chemical composition differences exist between LQF prepared with LJF and LF, which may influence synergistic efficacy and clinical stability. Caution should be exercised in substituting these medicinal materials clinically to ensure formula efficacy and safety.

R283.6

国家自然科学基金项目（82274215）；湖南省自然科学基金项目（2025JJ80145）；湖南省中医药管理局项目（B2024010）；湖南中医药大学2022年度校级“揭榜挂帅”专项（2022-12-27-1）