目的 为了减少非特异性结合位点，制备了松香大分子骨架的竹节参皂苷IVa分子印迹聚合物（molecularly imprinted polymers，MIPs）并研究其吸附性能，为开发选择性更高的竹节参皂苷IVa分离材料提供理论基础。方法 以脱氢枞酸丙烯酸乙二醇酯为功能单体制备了竹节参皂苷IVa分子印迹聚合物。使用红外光谱、扫描电子显微镜、比表面积测试仪、热重分析仪对聚合物进行表征；通过吸附动力学实验、静态吸附实验、重复再生实验、解吸附实验考察聚合物的吸附性能，并将聚合物应用于珠子参提取液的分离。结果 制备的聚合物形貌规整，具有介孔结构；吸附实验表明MIPs的印迹因子为1.58，通过Scatchard方程分析，聚合物存在2种结合位点，其中高亲和力位点最大结合量为270 mg/g，低亲和位点的最大结合量为142.01 mg/g；重复使用5次后聚合物的吸附量仅降低了13%；解析率为83.7%。与C₁₈萃取小柱相比，MIPs对珠子参粗提物具有明显的分离效果。结论 制备的聚合物对竹节参皂苷IVa具有良好的吸附性能，可多次重复使用，是一种极具潜力的竹节参皂苷IVa分离新材料。该研究也可作为其他皂苷类化合物的分离提供前期理论基础。

Objective In order to reduce non-specific binding sites, the molecularly imprinted polymer (MIPs) of chikusetsusaponin IVa (CS-IVa) with rosin macromolecular skeleton was prepared and its adsorption performance was studied. The research provided a theoretical basis for the development of separation material with higher selectivity. Methods The MIPs of CS-IVa was prepared using dehydroabietic acid[2-(acryloyloxy)ethyl] ester as functional monomer. The polymer was characterized by IR, SEM, BET and TGA. The adsorption performance of MIPs was investigated by adsorption kinetics experiment, static adsorption experiment, repeated regeneration experiment and desorption experiment. MIPs was applied to the separation of CS-IVa from Panacis Majoris Rhizoma (PMR) extract. Results The prepared polymer has regular morphology and mesoporous structure. According to the results of static adsorption experiment, the imprinting factor was 1.58. The Scatchard analysis reveals that there were two binding sites in the MIPs. The apparent maximal combination amount was 270 mg/g in high affinity recognition sites, with 142.01 mg/g in low affinity recognition sites. After repeated use for 5 times, the maximum adsorption capacity of the polymer was only reduced by 13%. The resolution was 83.7%. Compared with the C₁₈ column, the MIPs showed a significant separation effect on extracts of PMR. Conclusion The prepared polymer has good adsorption properties for CS-IVa and can be reused for several times. It is a potential new material for the separation of CS-IVa. This study can also provide a preliminary theoretical basis for the separation of other saponins.

R283.6

国家重点研发计划（2018YFC1706903）；陕西省重点研发计划一般项目（2021SF0366）；陕西省教育厅重点项目（20JS033）；中国博士后基金面上项目（2016M602994）；广西林产化工重点实验室开放基金项目（GXFC16-06）