木犀草素是植物中广泛存在的天然黄酮类化合物，具有抗炎、抗肿瘤、抗氧化、神经保护、心血管保护、抗病毒、抗菌、保肝等药理作用，临床可用于神经系统病变、癌症、肺损伤等疾病的治疗。炎症是各种慢性疾病进展的主要因素，包括糖尿病、癌症、心血管疾病、眼疾、关节炎、肥胖、自身免疫性疾病和炎症性肠病等，严重威胁人类健康。研究表明，木犀草素在炎症相关疾病的治疗中具有很大潜力，可改善肠道、肾脏、肺、肝脏、脑、心脏、子宫、胰腺等器官的炎性损伤，主要机制包括抗炎、抗氧化、调节免疫细胞功能、抗凋亡、诱导自噬、调控信号通路、抑制铁死亡等，其作用靶点多，通路多，可通过多种途径发挥作用，但溶解性和吸收性较差，生物利用率低，极大地限制了其临床应用。因此，通过梳理木犀草素治疗炎症性疾病的作用及机制，为其进一步开发应用及炎症性疾病的治疗提供依据。

Luteolin is a natural flavonoid compound widely present in plants, with various pharmacological effects such as anti-inflammation, antitumor, antioxidant, neuroprotection, cardiovascular protection, antiviral, antibacterial, and liver protection. It can be used in clinical practice to treat neurological disorders, cancer, lung injury, and other diseases. Inflammation is a major factor in the progression of various chronic diseases, including diabetes, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, eye diseases, arthritis, obesity, autoimmune diseases, and inflammatory bowel diseases, seriously threatening human health. Studies have shown that luteolin has great potential in treatment of inflammation-related diseases, and can improve inflammatory damage in multiple organs such as the intestine, kidney, lung, liver, brain, heart, uterus, and pancreas. Its main mechanisms of action include anti-inflammation, antioxidation, regulation of immune cell function, anti-apoptosis, induction of autophagy, regulation of signaling pathways, and inhibition of ferroptosis. It has multiple targets and pathways and can exert its effects through various means. However, it has poor solubility and absorption, and low bioavailability, which greatly limits its clinical application. Therefore, by summarizing the role and mechanism of luteolin in treatment of inflammatory diseases, it can provide a basis for its further development and application as well as the treatment of inflammatory diseases.

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甘肃省中医药管理局项目(GZKP-2023-11); 国家中医药管理局科技司-2024年中央财政转移支付地方项目实施方案-中药保障与创新能力提升项目(甘中医药综函[2024] 18号); 2024年医疗服务与保障能力提升(中医药事业传承与发展)国家中医优势专科建设项目(临床药学)(甘财社[2024] 118号)