目的 建立黄连Coptis chinensis须根HPLC指纹图谱，结合化学计量学进行不同产地黄连须的质量评价，并采用一测多评法（quantitative analysis of multi-components by single marker，QAMS）进行多成分含量测定，筛选差异化合物。方法 采用Welch Xtimate C₁₈色谱柱（250 mm×4.6 mm，5 μm），以乙腈为流动相（A），30 mmol/L碳酸氢铵溶液（每1 000毫升碳酸氢铵溶液含7 mL氨水，1 mL三乙胺）为流动相（B），梯度洗脱，体积流量1.0 mL/min，检测波长270 nm，柱温30 ℃。结果 建立了18批黄连须的指纹图谱，与对照图谱相似度均≥0.966，共标定10个共有峰，并指认出格兰地新、药根碱、非洲防己碱、表小檗碱、黄连碱、巴马汀和小檗碱7个共有峰，通过聚类分析（hierarchical cluster analysis，HCA）可将18批样品分为3类，主成分分析（principal component analysis，PCA）得到2个主成分，累积方差贡献率为81.556%，通过正交偏最小二乘判别分析（orthogonal partial least squares-discrimination analysis，OPLS-DA）筛选出4个主要的差异性成分。以小檗碱为内参物，建立了该成分与格兰地新、药根碱、非洲防己碱、表小檗碱、黄连碱、巴马汀的相对校正因子，同时对QAMS的计算值与外标法（ESM）实测值进行比较，QAMS和ESM计算的6种成分的含量无显著差异。结论 建立的HPLC指纹图谱和QAMS法重复性好，操作简单，可用于黄连须的质量评价。

Objective To establish an HPLC fingerprint for Coptis chinensis rootlet, evaluate the quality of rootlets from different origins using chemometric methods, and determine the contents of multiple components via quantitative analysis of multi-components by single marker (QAMS),screening for differential compounds. Methods A Welch Xtimate C₁₈ column (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm) was employed. The mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile (A) and 30 mmol/L ammonium bicarbonate solution (B; each 1 000 mL of ammonium bicarbonate solution contained 7 mL ammonia and 1 mL triethylamine). Gradient elution was performed at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min, with detection at 270 nm and a column temperature of 30 ℃. Results HPLC fingerprints were established for 18 batches of C. chinensis rootlet, all of which exhibited a similarity of ≥ 0.966 with the reference fingerprint. A total of 10 common peaks were identified, among which seven peaks were assigned to groenlandicine, jatrorrhizine, columbamine, epiberberine, coptisine, palmatine, and berberine. Hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) classified the 18 samples into three groups. Principal component analysis (PCA) extracted two principal components, accounting for a cumulative variance contribution of 81.556%. Orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) identified four major differential components. Using berberine as the internal reference, relative correction factors were established for groenlandicine, jatrorrhizine, columbamine, epiberberine, coptisine, and palmatine. The QAMS-calculated values were compared with those obtained by the external standard method (ESM), and no significant differences were observed in the quantification of the six components between the two methods. Conclusion The HPLC fingerprint and QAMS method developed in this study demonstrate good reproducibility and operational simplicity, and can be effectively applied for the quality evaluation of C. chinensis rootlets.

R286.2

科技部国家重点研发计划(2021YD1601005-2); 农业部国家中药材产业技术体系重庆站(CARS-21); 乌蒙山区特色中药材全产业链生产模式创建与示范(2023YFD1600401); 成都中医药大学杏林学者传承创新专项(CCCX2024011)