目的 系统研究变异黄芪Astragalus variabilis的生物碱成分。方法 采用硅胶柱色谱、Sephadex LH-20柱色谱、半制备高效液相色谱等分离技术对变异黄芪生物碱进行分离纯化，并通过波谱技术鉴定其化学结构。分别采用四氮唑盐还原法（tetrazolium salt reduction assay，MTT）和格里斯试剂法（griess reagent assay，Griess）评价化合物1的体外抗肿瘤活性及抗炎活性。结果 从变异黄芪二氯甲烷部位中分离得到13个生物碱成分，分别鉴定为octahydrooxireno[a]indolizine N-oxide（1）、(1R,8aS)-1-hydroxy-indolizidines（2）、苦豆碱（3）、去氢骆驼蓬碱（4）、槐胺碱（5）、苦参碱（6）、槐果碱（7）、9α-羟基苦参碱（8）、氧化槐定碱（9）、鸭嘴花碱（10）、L-vasicine（11）、脱氧鸭嘴花碱（12）和鸭嘴花碱酮（13）。化合物1在浓度100μmol/L时，没有表现出对人肺癌A549细胞、人肝癌HepG2细胞及巨噬细胞（NO）的抑制作用。结论 化合物1为1种新的吲哚里西啶类生物碱，命名为变异黄芪碱A（variabilismine A）；化合物1～13为首次从变异黄芪中分离得到。

Objective To study the alkaloid constituents from Astragalus variabilis. Methods Alkaloids were isolated and purified using chromatographic techniques, including silica gel column chromatography, Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography, and semi-preparative high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Their chemical structures were elucidated through comprehensive spectroscopic analyses. The in vitro antitumor and anti-inflammatory activities of compound 1 were evaluated using the tetrazolium salt reduction assay (MTT) and the griess reagent assay, respectively. Results A total of 13 alkaloids were isolated from the dichloromethane extraction of A. variabilis and identified as octahydrooxireno[a]indolizine N-oxide (1), (1R,8aS)-1-hydroxy-indolizidines (2), aloperine (3), harmine (4), sophoramine (5), matrine (6), sophocarpine (7), 9α-hydroxymatrine (8), oxysophoridine (9), vasicine (10), L-vasicine (11), deoxyvasicine (12) and L-vasicinone (13). Compound 1 didn’t exhibit inhibitory effects against human lung cancer cell line A549, human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line HepG2, and nitric oxide (NO) production in macrophages, at 100 μmol/L. Conclusion Compounds (1–13) were isolated from A. variabilis for the first time, while compound 1 is a new indolizidine alkaloid, designated as variabilismine A.

R284.1

国家自然科学基金项目(32160110);国家自然科学基金项目(31660103); 贵州省研究生教育创新计划项目资助(2024YJSKYJJ225); 贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合基础-ZK[2022]一般201)