乳腺癌是全球女性中最常见的恶性肿瘤，其发病率呈现上升趋势。尽管手术、放疗、化疗、靶向治疗等手段使患者生存率得到提高，但往往伴随着一些不良反应，影响患者的生活质量。中药作为我国传统医学的瑰宝，在乳腺癌防治中发挥着独特的作用。其不仅显著抑制乳腺癌的发展，还改善患者的免疫功能，且不良反应相对较少。通过对中药在乳腺癌治疗领域的最新实验研究与临床研究成果进行系统梳理，内容涵盖经典复方中药在治疗乳腺癌中的最新进展，中药活性成分抑制乳腺癌细胞周期、促进细胞凋亡、诱导细胞自噬和铁死亡等抗癌作用机制，以及抑制乳腺癌转移、调节宿主免疫力的机制，为实现中医治疗与常规治疗的协同增效、改善乳腺癌患者的预后提供科学依据。

Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumor among women worldwide, and its incidence is on the rise. Although surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy and targeted therapy have improved the survival rate of patients, they often come with some adverse reactions, which affect the quality of life of patients. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) plays a unique role in prevention and treatment of breast cancer. It not only significantly inhibits the development of breast cancer but also improves the immune function of patients, and has relatively fewer adverse reactions. Through a systematic review of the latest experimental research and clinical research results of TCM in the field of breast cancer treatment, the content covers the latest progress of classic TCM compound prescriptionsin treatment of breast cancer, the anti-cancer mechanisms of TCM active ingredients such as inhibiting the cell cycle of breast cancer cells, promoting cell apoptosis, inducing autophagy and ferroptosis, as well as inhibiting the metastasis of breast cancer and regulating the host immunity, providing scientific basis for achieving the synergistic effect of TCM treatment and conventional treatment and improving the prognosis of breast cancer patients.

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安徽省高校自然科学研究重大项目（KJ2019ZD73）；安徽省高校优秀青年骨干人才项目（gxgwfx2019068）