目的 建立连翘Forsythia suspensa花HPLC指纹图谱及多指标成分含量测定方法，并结合化学计量学方法对不同产地连翘花化学成分进行分析与比较，为连翘花的质量控制提供方法支撑与科学依据。方法 采用HPLC对20批不同产地连翘花样品化学成分进行分析，建立连翘花化学指纹图谱，并应用聚类分析和主成分分析等化学计量学方法对不同产地连翘花样品进行区分与比较；进一步采用HPLC法对不同产地连翘花样品中7个指标性成分的含量进行测定与比较。结果 建立了连翘花HPLC指纹图谱，共指认出7个共有峰，分别为绿原酸、芦丁、连翘酯苷A、(＋)-松脂素-4-O-β-D-葡萄吡喃糖苷、连翘苷、槲皮素、连翘脂素。20批不同产地连翘花样品的化学指纹图谱相似度在0.853～1.000，所建立的指纹图谱方法专属性良好，可用于连翘花质量控制与评价。聚类分析和主成分分析结果提示不同产地连翘花所含化学成分有一定差异，整体可被分为山东、河南、山西/河北3类。含量测定结果表明不同产地连翘花样品中7种指标性成分差异明显，山东产连翘花中绿原酸和连翘脂素的含量明显高于其他3省，山西和河北产连翘花中(＋)-松脂素-4-O-β-D-葡萄吡喃糖苷和连翘苷的含量明显高于河南和山东。结论 建立的连翘花化学指纹图谱和多指标含量测定方法稳定、可靠，可为连翘花的质量控制与评价提供方法支撑，也可为连翘花资源的合理开发利用提供科学依据。

Objective To develop a high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) fingerprint and multi-components quantitation method for quality evaluation of Forsythia suspensa flowers. Additionally, chemometric methods were employed to analyze and compare the chemical profiles of F. suspensa flower samples collected from different geographical regions. Methods An accurate and reliable HPLC fingerprint of F. suspensa flowers was established, and chemometric analysis including hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA) and principal component analysis (PCA) were conducted to evaluate the chemical differences of F. suspensa flowers from different producing areas. Moreover, a validated HPLC method was employed to determine and compare the contents of 7 bioactive compounds in 20 batches of F. suspensa flowers samples. Results The HPLC fingerprint of F. suspensa flowers was established. A total of seven common peaks in fingerprint of F. suspensa flowers were identified, including chlorogenic acid, rutin, forsythoside A, (+)-pinoresinol-4-O-β-D-glucopyraside, phillyrin, quercetin and phillygenin. The similarities of 20 batches of F. suspensa flowers samples were ranged from 0.853 to 1.000, indicating the established HPLC fingerprint method had good specificity and could be used for the quality evaluation of F. suspensa flowers. HCA and PCA results showed that there were certain chemical differences among F. suspensa flowers samples from different producing areas, and the F. suspensa flowers samples could be generally classified into three categories. Furthermore, the quantitative results also showed significant differences in the contents of bioactive components among F. suspensa flowers samples from different producing areas. Conclusion The present study provided stable and reliable HPLC fingerprint and multi-components quantitative method for quality evaluation of F. suspensa flowers, and also provide useful information for the development and utilization of F. suspensa flowers.

R286.2

河北省自然科学基金资助项目（H2024423015）；河北省省级科技计划项目（25292501D，246W2501D）；河北省三三三人才工程资助项目（C20231013）；河北省高等学校科学技术研究项目（QN2025094）；河北省中医药管理局科研计划项目（Z2022019）；河北省第二期现代农业产业技术体系创新团队项目（HBCT2023080201，HBCT2023080205）；第四次全国中药资源普查（Z135080000022）