目的 制备补阳还五汤（Buyang Huanwu Decoction，BHD）成分分子印迹聚合物（molecularly imprinted polymers，MIP），并建立印迹性评价体系，为精确靶向提取中药复方成分提供实验基础。方法 以BHD单个和全方的有效小分子成分为模板分子，采用悬浮聚合法制备成MIP；采用扫描电子显微镜（scanning electron microscope，SEM）、红外吸收光谱观察方法比较分析其特征；运用亲和色谱原理、指纹图谱总量统计矩法和分子连接性指数建立动力学的印迹性评价体系。结果 制得了刺芒柄花素、苦杏仁苷、黄芪甲苷和全方的MIP，其红外吸收光谱在1 720 cm⁻¹羰基振动峰、1 450 cm⁻¹碳氢弯曲振动峰、1 389 cm⁻¹氢氧弯曲振动峰、1 254 cm⁻¹碳氮单键伸缩振动峰处、1 154 cm⁻¹碳氧单键伸缩振动峰等波长处，模板分子与MIP均出现较强的差异特征峰；SEM的形貌扫描呈现多孔状态，证明MIP制备成功。BHD全方成分的印迹动力学总量一阶矩由低至高，证明MIP对模板分子具有较强的选择性。刺芒柄花素印迹性系数为1.022，印构量为63.098 7；苦杏仁苷印迹性指数为0.798，印构量为64.228 6；黄芪甲苷印迹性系数为0.996，印构量为393.112 3；全方印迹性指数为1.121，印构量为79.610 2。结论 HD成分MIP对模板分子具有较强的靶向性吸附能力，其印迹吸附程度可由所建立印迹性评价指标进行定量评价，这为中药复方成分的精准靶向提取提供了理论和实验基础。

Objective To prepare molecularly imprinted polymers (MIP) of the components of Buyang Huanwu Decoction (BHD, 补阳还五汤) and establish an imprinted evaluation system, providing an experimental basis for the precise targeted extraction of components from traditional Chinese medicine compound prescriptions. Methods Using the effective small molecule components of BHD individual and the entire formula as template molecules, MIP were prepared by suspension polymerization. The characteristics were compared and analyzed by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and infrared spectroscopy observation methods. The imprinting evaluation system of kinetics was established by using the principle of affinity chromatography, the total statistical moment method of fingerprint spectra and the molecular connectivity index. Results MIP of formononetin, amygdalin, astragaloside A and the whole formula were prepared. At wavelengths such as the 1 720 cm⁻¹ carbonyl vibration peak, 1 450 cm⁻¹ carbon-hydrogen bending vibration peak, 1 389 cm⁻¹, hydrogen-oxygen bending vibration peak, 1 254 cm⁻¹ carbon-nitrogen single bond stretching vibration peak, and 1 154 cm⁻¹ carbon-oxygen single bond stretching vibration peak in its infrared, both the template molecule and the MIP showed strong differential characteristic peaks. The morphology scan of the SEM showed a porous state, proving the successful preparation of the MIP. The total imprinted kinetic moments of the first order of the components of the BHD complete formula increased from low to high, proving that the MIP had a strong selectivity for the template molecule. The imprinting coefficient of the formononetin is 1.022, and the imprinting amount is 63.098 7. Imprinting index of amygdalin is 0.798, and the imprinting quantity is 64.228 6. The imprinting coefficient of astragaloside A is 0.996, and the imprinting quantity is 393.112 3. The imprinting coefficient of entire formula is 1.121, and the imprinting quantity is 79.610 2. Conclusion The MIP of the BHD components have a strong targeted adsorption capacity for template molecules. The degree of imprinting adsorption can be quantitatively evaluated by the established imprinting evaluation indicators, which provides a theoretical and experimental basis for the precise targeted extraction of components in traditional Chinese medicine compound prescriptions.

R283.6

国家自然科学基金资助项目（82274215）；湖南中医药大学2022年度校级“揭榜挂帅”专项（2022-12-27-1）