目的 研究蕨菜Pteridium aquilinum的化学成分。方法 采用大孔树脂、正相硅胶、Sephadex LH-20凝胶和半制备HPLC等柱色谱分离纯化，根据理化性质，应用MS、NMR等波谱手段并结合文献，鉴定化合物结构。通过抑制一氧化氮（NO）生成实验，评价单体化合物的抗炎活性。结果 从蕨菜中分离得到7个具8-2′连接的新木脂素类化合物，分别为蕨菜酸A（1）、乌毛蕨酸（2）、7-epiblechnic acid（3）、7-epiblechnic acid 9-methy ester（4）、tournefolic acid B（5）、tournefolic acid A（6）和丹酚酸F（7）。结论 化合物1为新降木脂素类化合物，化合物4为新天然产物，化合物2、3、5～7均为首次从蕨菜中分离得到。另外，首次报道了丹酚酸F（7）的碳谱数据。化合物1～7均显示一定的抗炎活性，其中化合物7活性最强，其半数抑制浓度（median inhibition concentration，IC₅₀）值15.8 μmol/L。

Objective To investigate the chemical constituents of Pteridium aquilinum. Methods The compounds were isolated and purified using various chromatographic techniques, including macroporous resin, normal-phase silica gel, Sephadex LH-20 gel and semi-preparative HPLC. The structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated through comprehensive spectroscopic analysis (MS, NMR) and comparison with literature data. Their anti-inflammatory activities were evaluated based on the inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) production. Results A total of seven 8-2′ linked neolignans were obtained from P. aquilinum: pteriaquic acid A (1), blechnic acid (2), 7-epiblechnic acid (3), 7-epiblechnic acid 9-methyl ester (4), tournefolic acid B (5), tournefolic acid A (6), and salvianolic acid F (7). Conclusion Compound 1 was neolignan, and compound 4 was identified as a new natural product. Compounds 2, 3 and 5–7 were isolated from P. aquilinum for the first time. Additionally, complete ¹³C NMR data for salvianolic acid F (7) were also provided for the first time.All compounds (1–7) exhibited anti-inflammatory activity, with compound 7 showing the strongest effect (IC₅₀ = 15.8 μmol/L).

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国家自然科学基金资助项目（82160660）；江西省自然科学基金资助项目（20212ACB206006）；江西中医药大学“1050”工程人才项目（5142001004）与创新团队（CXTD22015）