目的 系统解析七叶树Aesculus chinensis R2R3-MYB转录因子家族成员信息,明确其在不同组织器官中的表达模式,为该类基因在七叶树中生物学功能的研究提供参考。方法 利用生物信息学方法对七叶树的R2R3-MYB转录因子家族成员进行鉴定,并对其进化关系、基因结构、理化性质、染色体定位和基因表达模式进行分析。结果 在七叶树全基因组中共鉴定出129条R2R3-MYB基因,分布在20条染色体上,进化分析结果显示R2R3-MYB家族基因被聚类到34个亚组中,其中S15亚组分布的七叶树R2R3-MYB成员最多为9个;共线性基因对在进化树的分支距离更近,且遗传距离较近的基因具有类似的内含子-外显子结构;在七叶树R2R3-MYB基因家族成员中共鉴定出53种不同类型的顺式作用元件;对七叶树不同组织部位的转录组数据分析,结合系统进化分析及七叶皂苷合成关键酶转录因子结合位点预测,推测AcMYB043、AcMYB059、AcMYB022、AcMYB012、AcMYB075、AcMYB111和AcMYB125基因可能参与七叶皂苷生物合成的调控。结论 通过对七叶树全基因组129个七叶树R2R3-MYB基因进行生物信息学分析,筛选出7个可能参与七叶皂苷生物合成调控的候选基因,为后续解析七叶皂苷转录调控机制研究奠定分子基础,对七叶皂苷的合成生物学研究和高产七叶皂苷七叶树的新品种培育具有重要指导意义。

Objective To systematically analyze the members of the R2R3-MYB transcription factor family in Qiyeshu (Aesculus chinensis) and their expression patterns in different tissues,, Which provides a reference for the study of the biological function of R2R3-MYB transcription factors in A. chinensis. Methods In this study, bioinformatics methods were used to identify the R2R3-MYB transcription factor family members of A. chinensis, and their evolutionary relationships, gene structure, physicochemical properties, chromosomal localization and gene expression patterns were analyzed. Results The results showed that a total of 129 R2R3-MYB genes were identified in the whole genome of A. chinensis, distributed on 20 chromosomes. The results of evolutionary analysis showed that the R2R3-MYB family genes of A. chinensis were clustered into 34 subgroups, and the maximum number of R2R3-MYB in the S15 subgroup was nine. The collinearity gene pairs were closer on the branches in the phylogenetic tree and the genes with closer genetic distance have similar intron-exon structures. The promoter region of each member contains numerous cis-acting elements. A total of 53 different types of cis-acting elements were identified in the promoter regions of these R2R3-MYB family members. Combined with phylogenetic analysis and prediction of the transcription factors binding sites of key enzymes for escin synthesis, it is speculated that AcMYB043, AcMYB059, AcMYB012, AcMYB022, AcMYB075, AcMYB111 and AcMYB125 genes are likely to be involved in the regulation of escin biosynthesis. Conclusion Through bioinformatics analysis of 129 R2R3-MYB genes on the whole genome of horse chestnut, a total of seven candidate genes were screened. This study lays a molecular foundation for subsequent analysis of the transcriptional regulatory mechanism of escin, and is of great significance for the synthetic biology research of A. chinensis and the cultivation of new varieties with high-yield aescin.

R286.12

国家自然科学基金项目（82304673）；中国中医科学院科技创新工程项目（CI2023E002）；云南特色植物提取实验室开放研究项目基金资助（YKKF2024020）