目的 通过对炭类中药（简称“炭药”）的中英文文献进行统计分析，探讨其在国内外的研究现状、热点及动态、相关学术合作等，为其深入研究与开发应用提供参考。方法 检索中国知网（CNKI）和Web of Science（WOS）数据库1959—2025年关于炭药的中英文文献，并利用Excel、Origin、VOSviewer和CiteSpace等工具对发文作者、机构及其合作关系，以及期刊和文献的被引频次、关键词进行统计与分析。结果 分别从CNKI和WOS获取中文文献1 208篇（占总量的95.12%）、英文文献61篇（占总量的4.88%）。中文发文量主要集中在南京中医药大学、山东省中医药研究院等机构；而英文发文量则以北京中医药大学占主导地位。中英文文献的合作关系分析显示，中文文献作者和机构之间的合作网络较英文文献更为紧密。被引频次和关键词分析表明，中文文献集中于炭药的炮制工艺优化、化学成分和药理作用等方面的研究，英文文献则涵盖纳米技术、药理学等多个领域。炭药的研究已实现从传统经验性探索（炮制工艺、临床疗效）向多学科交叉的现代科学体系转变。结论 炭药研究热点已形成“工艺-成分-药效”的完整研究链条，并正在向“纳米技术-活性成分-机制解析”的新研究范式深化拓展，为今后炭药的研究方向提供重要参考，同时为深入理解炭药的应用前景提供文献依据。

Objective To explore the research status, hotspots, trends, and academic collaborations on carbonized traditional Chinese medicines by conducting a statistical analysis of Chinese and English works of literature. The findings will reference further in-depth research and applications in this field. Methods Chinese and English articles on carbonized traditional Chinese medicines from the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and Web of Science (WOS) databases from 1959 to 2025 were retrieved. Different statistical tools Excel, Origin, VOSviewer, and CiteSpace, were conducted to analyse the information of authorship, institutional affiliations, collaborative relationships, journal distribution, and citation frequency. Results A total of 1 208 Chinese articles (95.12% of all publications) and 61 English articles (4.88% of all publications) were obtained from CNKI and WOS, respectively. In Chinese literature, the largest contributions came from institutions such as Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine and Shandong Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, while English publications were predominantly from Beijing University of Chinese Medicine. The analysis of collaborative relationships in Chinese and English literature reveals that the cooperation network among Chinese authors and institutions is significantly tighter than that of their English counterparts. Citation frequency and keyword analyses demonstrate that Chinese literature primarily focuses on the optimization of processing techniques, chemical composition, and pharmacological effects of carbonized traditional Chinese medicines, while English literature covers broader domains including nanotechnology and pharmacology. Research on carbonized traditional Chinese medicines has achieved a transformation from traditional empirical exploration (processing techniques, clinical efficacy) to a modern interdisciplinary scientific system. Conclusion Current research hotspots in carbonized traditional Chinese medicines have established a complete “processing-composition-efficacy” research framework and are now advancing toward a new paradigm of “nanotechnology-active components-mechanistic analysis”. This provides critical guidance for future research directions while offering a comprehensive literature foundation for a deeper understanding of carbonized traditional Chinese medicines’ potential applications.

G350;R283.1

中药饮片炒多智能识别与生产控制技术研究项目（2023YFC3504200）；全国名老中医药专家传承工作室建设项目（国中医药人教函[2002]75号）