目的 研究缬草Valeriana officinalis内生真菌Aspergillus sp. FH-2大米高盐培养基中抗真菌次生代谢产物。方法 采用硅胶和ODS柱色谱以及半制备液相色谱等方法进行分离纯化，并结合其理化性质及核磁共振（NMR）、红外（IR）、质谱（MS）等波谱学技术进行结构解析。采用菌丝生长速率法测定了所有化合物对木瓜炭疽病菌Colletotrichum gloeosporioides的抗真菌活性。结果 从Aspergillus sp. FH-2菌株的醋酸乙酯提取部位分离得到8个化合物，分别鉴定为3-methoxy-4¢-hydroxyphenyl-5-[4¢¢-hydroxy-3¢¢-(9¢¢-hydroxy-3¢¢-methylbutyl)benzyl]-2-oxo-2,5-dihydrofuran-5-carboxylate（1）、桔青霉三酚A（2）、大黄素（3）、7-hydroxy-3-(2-hydroxypropyl)-5-methyl-isochromen-1-one（4）、2,5-dimethyl-7-hydroxychromone（5）、2,4-dihydroxy-3-methylacetophenone（6）、2,4-dihydroxy-5-methylacetophenone（7）和4-acetyl-resorcinol（8）。其中，化合物1、2、4、7对木瓜炭疽病菌抑制作用的半数有效浓度（half-maximal effective concentration，EC₅₀）值分别为85.14、66.18、81.45、74.68 mg/mL。结论 化合物1为新化合物，命名为3-甲氧基-曲霉丁烯内酯B（3-methoxy-aspernolide B）。抗真菌活性研究表明，化合物1、2、4和7对木瓜炭疽病菌表现出中等抑制效果。

Objective To investigate antifungal secondary metabolites produced by the endophytic fungus Aspergillus sp. FH-2, isolated from Xiecao (Valeriana officinalis) and cultured on a high-salt rice medium. Methods Compounds were isolated and purified using silica gel and ODS column chromatography, semi-preparative HPLC, and related techniques. Their structures were elucidated through analysis of physicochemical properties and spectroscopic data, including nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), infrared (IR), and mass spectrometry (MS). The antifungal activities of all compounds against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, a papaya anthrax pathogen, were determined by the mycelial growth rate method. Results A total of eight compounds were obtained from the ethyl acetate extract of the Aspergillus sp. FH-2 strain. They were identified as 3-methoxy-4¢-hydroxyphenyl-5-[4¢¢-hydroxy-3¢¢-(9¢¢-hydroxy-3¢¢-methylbutyl)benzyl]-2-oxo-2,5-dihydrofuran-5-carboxylate (1), penicillocitrin A (2), emodin (3), 7-hydroxy-3-(2-hydroxypropyl)-5-methylisochromen-1-one (4), 2,5-dimethyl-7-hydroxychromone (5), 2,4-dihydroxy-3-methylacetophenone (6), 2,4-dihydroxy-5-methylacetophenone (7), and 4-acetyl-resorcinol (8). Compounds 1, 2, 4 and 7 for the inhibitory effect on C. gloeosporioides exhibited the half-maximal effective concentration (EC₅₀) values of 85.14, 66.18, 81.45 and 74.68 mg/mL, respectively. Conclusion Compound 1 is a new compound designated 3-methoxy-aspernolide B. Compounds 1, 2, 4 and 7 demonstrated moderate antifungal activity against C. gloeosporioides.

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国家中医药管理局重点学科项目（zyyzdxk-2023202）；秦创原中医药产业创新聚集区项目（L2024-QCY-ZYYJJQ-X81）；陕西中医药大学创新团队项目（2023-CXTD-05）；大学生创新训练计划项目（S202510716010）