[关键词]
[摘要]
在新一代肿瘤疾病的免疫治疗方法中，肿瘤免疫微环境（tumor immune microenvironment，TIME）发挥着重要作用。肿瘤的发生发展不仅与肿瘤细胞自身特性相关，也依赖于其所处微环境中不同细胞和细胞因子的支持，其中免疫细胞在TIME中起着关键作用。在正常情况下，免疫细胞可以在免疫监测过程中识别和抑制新生的肿瘤细胞生长，但在肿瘤免疫编辑过程中，免疫细胞会发生免疫抑制，形成肿瘤免疫抑制微环境，干扰免疫系统正常的监视和效应功能，从而促进肿瘤的增殖和逃逸。多项研究表明，中医药能够从多个方面调控TIME，调节机体免疫水平及免疫细胞活性，改善机体免疫抑制状态，从而达到防治肿瘤的作用。系统总结TIME在肿瘤发生发展中的内在机制，探讨中医药调控TIME防治肿瘤的相关作用机制，以期为深入探寻肿瘤的发病机制及中医药防治策略提供新的视角和思路。
[Key word]
[Abstract]
The tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) plays an important role in the new generation of immunotherapy for cancer diseases. The occurrence and development of tumors are not only related to the characteristics of tumor cells themselves, but also depend on the support of different cells and cytokines in their microenvironment, among which immune cells play a key role in TIME. Under normal circumstances, immune cells can recognize and inhibit the growth of nascent tumor cells in the process of immune surveillance. However, in the process of tumor immune editing, immune cells will undergo immunosuppression and form a tumor immunosuppressive microenvironment, which interferes with the normal surveillance and effector functions of the immune system, thereby promoting tumor proliferation and escape. A number of studies have shown that traditional Chinese medicine can regulate the TIME, the immune level and the activity of immune cells from many aspects, and improve the immunosuppressive state of the body, so as to achieve the role of tumor prevention and treatment. This article systematically summarizes the internal mechanism of TIME in the occurrence and development of tumors, and discusses the related mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine regulating TIME in the prevention and treatment of tumors, in order to provide new perspectives and ideas for exploring the pathogenesis of tumors and the prevention and treatment strategies of traditional Chinese medicine.
[中图分类号]
R286
[基金项目]
国家自然科学基金资助项目（82460925，81160882）；甘肃省科技重大专项基金项目（22ZD1FA001）；甘肃省联合研究基金重大项目（23JRRA1530）；兰州市科技计划项目（2025-2-3）；甘肃省“银龄专家工作室”（[2025] 4号）；中医药高层次人才工作室建设项目（甘科协[2021]125号）；甘肃省科技厅重点研发计划项目（24YFFA067）；甘肃省组织部陇原青年人才项目（002104002）
