白细胞减少症是化疗常见的不良反应，目前已知的治疗手段有限、不良反应多，急需寻找新的有效的治疗手段。中医学将白细胞减少症归为“血虚”“气虚”，近年来研究发现，中药及其活性成分具有良好的造血功效，且具有安全性高、不良反应小等优点，能有效提升白细胞并改善相关症状，中药复方也显示出良好疗效。对中药及其活性成分改善白细胞减少症的作用及机制研究现状进行综述，为治疗白细胞减少症药物的进一步研发提供理论依据。

Leukopenia is a common side effect of chemotherapy, and there is an urgent need to find new and effective treatments for it, as the known treatments are limited and have many side effects. In Chinese medicine, leukopenia is classified as "blood deficiency" and "qi deficiency". Recent studies have found that traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and its active ingredients have good hematopoietic effects, as well as benefits such as high safety and minimal side effects. They can effectively increase the white blood cell count and improve the associated symptoms, and TCM formulas have also shown good therapeutic effects. This article summarizes the effects and mechanisms of TCM and its active ingredients in treating leukopenia, as well as a theoretical basis for future studies and drug development for leukopenia.

R285

上海市卫生健康委员会中医药科研项目（2024QN057）；军队后勤科研项目（BHJ22J020）；海军重点学科专业群建设项目（2024-HJZDXK-JS-12，2024-HJZDXK-SZ-01）；国家重点研发计划（2022YFC3502000）；国家自然科学基金项目（82430119，82173704）；海军军医大学“深蓝”工程启航人才计划；海军军医大学教学成果立项培育项目（JPY2024B06）；海军军医大学药学系“雏鹰”学员课题