中医药体系庞大而复杂，数据库为大量信息化数据的积累应用提供有效可靠方法。随着与网络药理学、多组学及深度学习技术的整合，传统中医药的复杂体系和创新性发展不断取得突破。系统回顾了中医药生物信息学相关数据库的发展历程，提出了基于功能与应用场景的4级分类体系，涵盖基础资源、应用领域、技术方法及文化传承4大维度。通过分析代表性数据库的优劣势发现，现有数据库在数据标准化、更新频率及临床验证方面仍存在显著不足，并通过结合人工智能与多组学技术的融合趋势，展望了中医药生物信息学数据库在精准医疗与国际化发展中的潜力。

The multifaceted and intricate system of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) necessitates robust methodologies for managing its extensive knowledge base. Databases have emerged as an effective and reliable method for the systematic aggregation and utilization of large-scale informational datasets. With the integration of network pharmacology, multi-omics, and deep learning technologies, continuous progress has been made in unraveling TCM’s intricate mechanisms and fostering innovative development. This study conducts a comprehensive review of the evolutionary trajectory of TCM bioinformatics databases and introduces a functionally stratified classification system encompassing four dimensions: foundational resources, application domains, technical methodologies, and cultural preservation. Comparative assessment of representative databases reveals significant limitations in data standardization, update sustainability, and clinical validation. Finally, by highlighting the convergence of artificial intelligence (AI) and multi-omics technologies, we envision the transformative potential of TCM bioinformatics databases to advance precision medicine and promote global integration.

TP18;R285

天津市科技局计划项目（24ZYJDSY00280）；国家自然科学基金青年项目（82304909）