中药质量标志物（quality marker，Q-Marker）为解决中药传统质量评价专属性差、药效关联度低等关键问题提供了全新理论体系。川产道地药材资源丰富、临床应用广泛，但其现有质量标准多依赖单一指标成分定量，难以区分道地药材真伪优劣。系统梳理川产道地药材Q-Marker的核心筛选策略，重点综述川芎、川贝母、附子、川麦冬、丹参5味代表性川药的研究进展。归纳当前川药Q-Marker研究差异化显著、普遍停留候选标志物筛选阶段、道地特质挖掘不足3大整体特征；进一步剖析领域存在重预测轻验证、全链条溯源缺失、标志物专属性不强、产业化转化滞后4大共性瓶颈；据此构建多维药效验证、药材全程溯源、道地形成机制解析、产业技术落地转化、复方体系延伸研究五维发展对策。旨在完善区域道地药材质量控制体系，为川药质量标准提升与Q-Marker理论的实践应用提供参考。

Quality marker (Q-Marker) is a novel quality control concept first proposed by Academician Liu Changxiao in 2016, which provides a brand-new theoretical system for solving core problems in traditional quality evaluation of traditional Chinese medicines, such as poor specificity and low efficacy correlation. Sichuan is abundant in genuine medicinal resources with wide clinical applications. However, the existing quality standards of these herbs mostly rely on quantification of single index components, which makes it difficult to distinguish the authenticity and quality superiority of genuine medicinal materials. This paper systematically sorts out the core screening strategies of Q-Markers for Sichuan genuine medicinal materials, focuses on reviewing the research progress of five representative Sichuan herbs (Chuanxiong Rhizoma, Fritillariae Cirrhosae Bulbus, Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata, Ophiopogonis Radix, and Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma).This review summarizes three overall characteristics of current Q-Marker research on Sichuan medicinal materials: significant differentiation, general stagnation at the candidate marker screening stage, and insufficient exploration of Daodi traits. Furthermore, this field faces four common bottlenecks: an overemphasis on prediction at the expense of verification, a lack of whole-chain traceability, weak specificity of markers, and lagging industrial transformation. Based on these findings, five developmental strategies are proposed: multi-dimensional efficacy verification, whole-process traceability of medicinal materials, elucidation of authentic formation mechanisms, implementation of industrial technology transfer, and extended research on compound formulations. This study aims to improve the regional quality control system for authentic medicinal materials, providing a reference for upgrading the quality standards of Sichuan medicinal materials and advancing the practical application of Q-Marker theory.

R282.6

中药改良创新和智能制造技术示范中心建设（0686-2511CA083418Z）