中药复方质量控制正从“指标成分检测”向“功效关联评价”的范式转型，其核心在于构建与临床疗效紧密对应、体现中药整体调节特征的质量评价新体系。然而，当前以少数指标性成分定量为主的质控模式，难以阐释中药多成分协同作用机制，更无法系统回应“质控指标与临床功效相关性”这一关键问题。以腰痹通胶囊为切入点，旨在构建基于中药复方功效物质的质量标志物（quality marker，Q-Marker）预测分析路径：系统整合化学成分群与药理作用的关联规律，结合成分在“药材-制剂-体内”过程中的动态传递特性、质量评价可行性及复方配伍理论贡献度等多维信息，筛选能够表征“活血化瘀、祛风除湿、行气止痛”整体功效的“核心功效物质”作为后续质量研究的Q-Marker，为建立与功效相关的质量控制体系提供参考。综合分析表明，三七皂苷R₁、人参皂苷Rb₁、人参皂苷Rg₁、川芎嗪、藁本内酯、延胡索乙素等14个化合物具备明确的药理活性、体内暴露证据及配伍代表性，可作为腰痹通胶囊基于功效物质Q-Marker的质量标准研究基础。

The quality control of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formulas is undergoing a paradigm shift from “index component detection” to “efficacy-associated evaluation”. The core of this transition lies in establishing a new quality evaluation system that closely aligns with clinical therapeutic effects and fully reflects the holistic regulatory characteristics of TCM. However, the current quality control model, which predominantly relies on the quantitation of a few marker components, falls short of elucidating the multi-component synergistic mechanisms of TCM formulas, and more critically, fails to systematically address the fundamental question of “correlation between quality indicators and clinical efficacy”. Taking Yaobitong Capsule (腰痹通胶囊) as an entry point, this research aims to construct a predictive analysis pathway for quality markers (Q-Markers) based on the efficacy substances of TCM formulas. By systematically integrating the correlative patterns between chemical constituent profiles and pharmacological actions, and incorporating multidimensional information, including the dynamic transfer characteristics of constituents throughout the “medicinal material-preparation-in vivo” process, the feasibility of quality assessment, and the contribution degree of compound compatibility theory, screening out “core efficacy-related substances” that are representative of the holistic therapeutic actions of “promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis, dispelling wind and eliminating dampness, and regulating qi to alleviate pain”. These substances are proposed as Q-Markers for subsequent quality research, with the goal of providing a reference for the establishment of a quality control system that is relevant to clinical efficacy. Comprehensive analysis indicates that the 14 compounds, including notoginsenoside R₁, ginsenoside Rb₁, ginsenoside Rg₁, ligustrazine, ligustilide, tetrahydropalmatine, ect, possess well-defined pharmacological activities, in vivo exposure evidence, and representativeness of formula compatibility. These compounds can serve as the basis for subsequent quality standard research on Yaobitong Capsule based on efficacy substance Q-Markers.

R285

江苏省基础研究计划自然科学基金-前沿引领技术基础研究专项（BK20232014）