防城金花茶叶Camellia petelotii为广西特色药用资源，并具有一定食品开发基础。综述其相关叶部材料的化学成分、药理活性和质量控制研究，并基于质量标志物（quality markers，Q-Marker）理论预测潜在质量控制成分。经多库检索、全文核对及证据筛选，系统梳理了相关研究。相关研究报道的成分主要包括黄酮、黄烷-3-醇及原花青素、酚酸及鞣花酸衍生物、三萜皂苷和多糖等。前临床研究提示其可能具有抗氧化、抗炎、调糖脂代谢、心血管相关、肝和神经保护及潜在抗肿瘤活性，但证据主要来自体外实验、动物研究或复杂提取物，且药理样品多缺少凭证标本，尚无临床证据。冲山茶苷可作为优先验证候选质量控制成分；儿茶素、表儿茶素及待明确具体测定对象的槲皮素、山柰酚类成分可作为基础质量候选；人参皂苷Rg₁、人参皂苷F1、人参皂苷F5和A1-barrigenol 22α-angelate可作为储备候选；多糖宜采用综合质量属性评价。

The leaves of Camellia petelotii are a characteristic medicinal resource with a basis for food utilization in Guangxi, China. This review summarizes the chemical constituents, pharmacological activities, and quality-control studies of the related leaf materials and predicts potential quality-control constituents based on the quality marker (Q-Marker) theory. Relevant studies were systematically retrieved through database searching, full-text verification, and evidence screening. The reported constituents mainly include flavonoids, flavan-3-ols and proanthocyanidins, phenolic acids and ellagic acid derivatives, triterpenoid saponins, and polysaccharides. Preclinical studies suggest antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, effects on glucose and lipid metabolism, and potential protective effects on the cardiovascular, hepatic, and nervous systems, as well as potential antitumor activity. However, most evidence derives from in vitro assays, animal studies, or complex extracts; voucher specimens were unavailable for most pharmacological samples, and no clinical evidence has been reported. Okicamelliaside may serve as a priority candidate quality-control constituent for further verification; catechin, epicatechin, and quercetin- and kaempferol-related constituents whose exact analyte forms remain to be defined may serve as basic quality candidates; ginsenosides Rg₁, F1, and F5 and A1-barrigenol 22α-angelate may serve as reserve candidates; and polysaccharides should be evaluated by integrated quality attributes. These candidates require further validation using botanically authenticated samples through multi-batch quantification, spectrum-effect relationship studies, in vivo exposure assessment, and studies on transfer during processing.

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国家自然科学基金青年项目（82204756）；广西自然科学基金面上项目（2025GXNSFAA069904）