目的 从铁皮石斛Dendrobium officinale花中分离制备细胞外泌体样纳米颗粒（extracellular vesicle-like nanoparticles from D. officinale flowers，DF-EVLPs），并评估其对结肠癌细胞的特异性靶向能力，同时考察其对结肠癌细胞的体外靶向与抗肿瘤作用，为开发基于药食同源植物的靶向递送系统提供实验依据。方法 从铁皮石斛花中分离提取DF-EVLPs，并对其形态和粒径进行表征。利用pKH26荧光标记观察DF-EVLPs被小鼠结肠癌CT26细胞的摄取情况；通过CCK-8法、划痕愈合实验和流式细胞术及Western blotting实验分别评估DF-EVLPs对CT26细胞增殖、迁移及凋亡的影响及其机制作用。结果 所获得的DF-EVLPs呈均一的杯状形态，平均粒径为（156.9±7.2）nm。细胞摄取实验显示，DF-EVLPs能够被CT26细胞高效内化，且对CT26细胞的摄取效率显著高于正常结肠上皮细胞，表明其具有良好的特异性靶向能力。体外功能实验显示，DF-EVLPs以浓度相关方式抑制CT26细胞增殖，显著降低细胞迁移能力，并诱导细胞凋亡。结论 成功制备了铁皮石斛花来源的外泌体样纳米颗粒，DF-EVLPs作为一种新型食品来源纳米治疗剂，能够靶向结肠癌细胞并发挥体外抗肿瘤活性。揭示了铁皮石斛花的一种新生物活性功能，为基于“药食同源”理念的结直肠癌膳食干预提供了实验依据。

Objective To isolate and prepare extracellular vesicle-like nanoparticles from Tiepishihu (Dendrobium officinale) flowers (DF-EVLPs), and evaluate their specific targeting ability for colon cancer cells, as well as investigate their in vitro targeting and anti-tumor effects against colon cancer cells, in order to provide experimental evidence for the development of targeted delivery systems based on medicinal and edible plants. Methods DF-EVLPs were isolated from D. officinale flowers and their morphology and particle size were characterized. The uptake of DF-EVLPs by CT26 colon cancer cells was observed using pKH26 fluorescence labeling. The effects of DF-EVLPs on the proliferation, migration and apoptosis of CT26 cells and their mechanism were evaluated using CCK-8 assay, scratch wound healing experiment, flow cytometry and Western blotting. Results The obtained DF-EVLPs showed a uniform cup-shaped morphology with an average particle size of (156.9 ± 7.2) nm. The cell uptake experiment demonstrated that DF-EVLPs could be efficiently internalized by CT26 colon cancer cells, and the uptake efficiency of DF-EVLPs for colon cancer cells was significantly higher than that of normal colonic epithelial cells, indicating their good specific targeting ability. The in vitro functional experiments showed that DF-EVLPs inhibited the proliferation of CT26 cells in a concentration-dependent manner, significantly reduced cell migration ability, and induced cell apoptosis. Conclusion This study successfully prepared extracellular vesicle-like nanoparticles from D. officinale flowers. As a new type of food-derived nanotherapeutic agent, DF-EVLPs can specifically target colon cancer cells and exert in vitro anti-tumor activity. This study reveals a new biological activity function of D. officinale flowers and provides experimental evidence for dietary intervention for colorectal cancer based on the “medicinal and edible” concept.

R283.6

贵州省现代中药创制全省重点实验室（黔科合平台［2025］019）；中药制剂与大健康产品开发贵州省科技创新领军人才工作站（黔科合平台KXJZ［2025］042）；贵州中医药大学纳米药物技术研究中心（贵中医ZX合字［2024］070）