目的 研究斜叶黄檀Dalbergia pinnata 根茎的化学成分。方法 利用硅胶、RP-C₁₈、MCI、Sephadex LH-20柱色谱、半制备型高效液相色谱及重结晶等方法进行分离纯化，通过核磁共振等波谱技术确定化合物的结构；采用体外红细胞溶血法对分离得到的部分单体化合物进行抗补体活性筛选。结果 从斜叶黄檀醋酸乙酯部位中分离鉴定了15个化合物，分别为5,7,4′-三羟基-6,2′,5′-三甲氧基异黄酮（1）、7,3¢-二羟基-8,4¢-二甲氧基异黄酮（2）、(-)-驴食草酚（3）、3-O-乙酰基齐墩果酸（4）、(-)-杜仲树脂酚（5）、(-)-表丁香脂素（6）、(-)-甘草素（7）、紫铆因（8）、(-)-异落叶松脂素（9）、(＋)-南烛木树脂酚（10）、(2R)-3-(3¢,4¢-二甲氧基苯基)-1,2-丙二醇（11）、(2R)-3-(3¢,4¢,5¢-三甲氧基苯基)-1,2-丙二醇（12）、3,3¢,4,4¢-四羟基联苯（13）、香草酸（14）、桂皮鞣质B1（15）。体外抗补体活性结果表明，化合物1、3、7、8具有不同的体外补体抑制活性，其半数抑制溶血浓度（50% hemolytic complement activity，CH₅₀）分别为（1.21±0.07）、（0.57±0.03）、（0.12±0.13）、（0.17±0.04）mg/mL。结论 化合物1为新化合物，命名为斜叶异黄酮A，化合物2～6、8～15为首次从该植物中分离得到，化合物7具有显著的体外抗补体活性。

Objective To investigate the chemical composition of the rhizome of Dalbergia pinnata. Methods Separation and purification were performed using silica gel, RP-C₁₈, MCI, Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography, semi-preparative high-performance liquid chromatography and recrystallization; compound structures were identified based on spectroscopic techniques, including NMR spectroscopy; and the anti-complement activity of selected isolated monomeric compounds was screened using an in vitro erythrocyte hemolysis assay. Results Fifteen compounds were isolated and identified from the ethyl acetate fraction of D. pinnata, including 5,7,4′-trihydroxy-6,2′,5′-trimethoxyisoflavone (1), 7,3 ¢-dihydroxy-8,4 ¢-dimethoxyisoflavone (2), (&8722;)-vestitol (3), 3-O-acetyloleanolic acid (4), (&8722;)-hydroxymedioresinol (5), (&8722;)-episyringaresinol (6), (&8722;)-liquiritigenin (7), butein (8), (&8722;)- isolariciresinol (9), (＋)-lyoniresinol (10), (2R)-3-(3 ¢,4¢-dimethoxyphenyl)-1,2-propanediol (11), (2R)-3-(3 ¢,4 ¢,5 ¢-trimethoxyphenyl)-1,2-propanediol (12), 3,3 ¢,4,4 ¢-tetrahydroxybiphenyl (13), vanillicvanillyric acid (14), cinnamtannin B1 (15). In vitro anti-complement activity assays demonstrated that compounds 1, 3, 7 and 8 exhibited distinct in vitro complement inhibitory activities, with their half-maximal hemolysis-inhibitory concentrations (CH₅₀) measuring (1.21 ± 0.07), (0.57 ± 0.03), (0.12 ± 0.13) and (0.17 ± 0.04) mg/mL respectively. Conclusion Compound 1 is a new compound, designated as dalbergiaisoflavone A, obtained from D. pinnata; compounds 2—6 and 8—15 were obtained from this species for the first time, and compound 7 exhibits significant in vitro anti-complement activity.

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广西自然科学基金项目（2024GXNSFAA010266）；广西自然科学基金项目（2024GXNSFAA010326）；广西特色中药现代化产业学院2024年大学生创新创业训练计划立项项目（C202409）；广西中医药大学自然科学基金项目（2022MS031）