青黛为爵床科植物马蓝Baphicacanthus cusia、蓼科植物蓼蓝Polygonum tinctorium或十字花科植物菘蓝Isatis indigotica的叶或茎叶经加工制得的干燥粉末、团块或颗粒，含有碳酸钙、二氧化硅等无机成分和生物碱、有机酸、二萜、三萜、甾体等有机成分，具有抗病毒、抗炎、抗菌、抗氧化、抗肿瘤、免疫调节等作用，临床用于溃疡性结肠炎、银屑病、急性早幼粒细胞白血病、特应性皮炎等症，长期大量服用可致肝损伤、肺动脉高压、急性结肠炎、肠套叠、肾损伤等不良反应。综述了青黛化学成分、药理作用、临床应用、不良反应等方面研究进展，为青黛的深入研究开发提供参考。

Qingdai (Indigo Naturalis) is a dried powder, lump, or granule prepared from the leaves or stems and leaves of Baphicacanthus cusia, Polygonum tinctorium or Isatis indigotica. Indigo Naturalis contains inorganic components such as calcium carbonate and silicon dioxide, as well as organic components such as alkaloids, organic acids, diterpenoids, triterpenoids, steroids, etc. Indigo Naturalis has anti-viral, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antioxidant, antitumor, and immunomodulatory effects. Indigo Naturalis is clinically used for ulcerative colitis, psoriasis, acute promyelocytic leukemia, atopic dermatitis, etc. Long-term and excessive consumption of Indigo Naturalis can cause toxic side effects such as liver damage, pulmonary arterial hypertension, acute colitis, intussusception, and kidney damage. This article reviews the research progress in the chemical composition, pharmacological effects, clinical applications, and toxic side effects of Indigo Naturalis, providing a reference for the in-depth research and development of Indigo Naturalis.

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国家自然科学基金资助项目（82260681）；研究生培养费项目（500150033）