目的 研究白花败酱Patrinia villosa正丁醇部位化学成分。方法 采用硅胶、ODS、Sephadex-LH 20凝胶、半制备高效液相等多种色谱分离技术进行分离纯化，然后通过波谱数据分析进行结构鉴定。通过检测脂多糖（lipopolysaccharide，LPS）诱导小鼠巨噬细胞RAW264.7一氧化氮（nitric oxide，NO）的释放,评价化合物的抗炎活性。结果 从白花败酱乙醇提取物的正丁醇萃取部位中分离得到14个化合物，分别鉴定为 (2E,5R,6R)-5,8-dihydroxy-2,6-dimethy-2-octenoic acid（1）、(2E,5R,6R)-8-acetoxy-5-hydroxy-2,6-dimethyl-2-octenoic acid（2）、(2E,6R)-8-hydroxy-2,6-dimethyl-2-octenoic acid（3）、(6R,7E,9R)-9-hydroxy-4,7-megastigmadien-3-one（4）、绿原酸乙酯（5）、咖啡酸乙酯（6）、dihydrosyringenin（7）、7S,8S-threo-4,7,9,9'-tetrahydroxy-3,3'-dimethoxy-8-O-4'-neolignan（8）、(＋)-异落叶松脂素（9）、(7S,8R)-dihydrodehydrodiconiferyl alcohol（10）、肥牛木素（11）、(＋)-丁香脂素（12）、salicifoliol（13）、5-hydroxy-4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2(5H)-furanone hydroxybutenolide（14）。抗炎活性研究表明，化合物1和2在50 μmol/L浓度下的NO抑制率分别为（6.16±1.41）%和（11.11±2.10）%。结论 化合物1和2为新的无环单萜类化合物，命名为白花败酱酸B（1）和8-乙酰基白花败酱酸B（2）。化合物3、4、10、11、14为首次从白花败酱中分离得到。化合物1和2无明显抗炎活性。

Objective To investigate the chemical constituents of the n-butanol fraction of Patrinia villosa. Methods The compounds were isolated and purified by various chromatographic techniques including silica gel, ODS, Sephadex LH-20 gel, and semi-preparative HPLC, and their structures were elucidated by analysis of spectroscopic data. The anti-inflammatory activities were evaluated by against NO production from lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. Results A total of 14 compounds were isolated from the n-butanol fraction of P. villosa ethanol extract and identified as (2E,5R,6R)-5,8-dihydroxy-2,6-dimethyl-2-octenoic acid (1), (2E,5R,6R)-8-acetoxy-5-hydroxy-2,6-dimethyl-2-octenoic acid (2), (2E,6R)-8-hydroxy-2,6-dimethyl-2-octenoic acid (3), (6R,7E,9R)-9-hydroxy-4,7-megastigmadien-3-one (4), ethyl chlorogenate (5), ethyl caffeate (6), dihydrosyringenin (7), 7S,8S-threo-4,7,9,9'-tetrahydroxy-3,3'-dimethoxy-8-O-4'-neolignan (8), (+)-isolariciresinol (9), (7S,8R)-dihydrodehydrodiconiferyl alcohol (10), ceplignan (11), (+)-syringaresinol (12), salicifoliol (13), and 5-hydroxy-4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2(5H)-furanone hydroxy-butenolide (14). Compounds 1 and 2 are new compounds, and their NO inhibition rates at a concentration of 50 μmol/L were (6.16 ±1.41)% and (11.11 ±2.10)%, respectively. Conclusion Compounds 1 and 2 are new acyclic monoterpenoids, and namely patrivic acid B and 8-acetylpatrivic acid B. Compounds 3, 4, 10, 11 and 14 were isolated from P. villosa for the first time. Compounds 1 and 2 showed no significant anti-inflammatory activity.

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国家自然科学基金项目（32400324）；安徽省高校学科（专业）带头人培育项目（DTR2023026）；安徽中医药大学国家中医药管理局高水平中医药重点学科中药化学学科开放课题（HKDCCM2024013）