目的 基于限域传质数学模型，建立中药复杂溶液环境中苦参碱存在状态的定量分析方法，解析丹参Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma-苦参Sophorae Flavescentis Radix配伍比例对其酸碱复合反应的影响规律。方法 基于成分状态在纳滤和超滤的传质差异性，以成分透过率、膜通量为考察指标，拟合苦参碱传质系数，以分子态、离子态单体成分为参照，构建存在状态定量计算模型，对苦参提取液、丹参-苦参提取液中苦参碱存在状态进行拟合，分析在不同溶液环境下酸碱复合反应的发生规律。结果 基于超滤-纳滤耦合强化苦参碱离子态、分子态的分离差异，提升了离子态定量计算模型的准确度。苦参碱存在状态定量计算幂函数方程的相关性系数均大于0.97，模型成立。苦参及配伍提取液中苦参碱分子态比例均处于极低水平，波动范围在1.12%～1.91%。苦参提取液中苦参碱以36.90%的离子态、61.98%的缔合态的形式存在。苦参与丹参配伍提取后，苦参碱存在形式发生明显变化，在丹参处于低配伍比例时以离子态形式占主导，随着丹参配伍比例的升高，苦参碱离子态比例由66.73%逐渐下降至45.83%，转变为结构复杂的复合态，对应复合态比例由31.87%上升至52.90%。结论 构建了苦参碱在不同溶液环境下存在状态定量计算方法，为解析复杂溶液环境下成分状态提供技术支撑。

Objective Based on a confined mass transfer mathematical model, this study aims to establish a quantitative analysis method for the existing states of matrine in the complex solution environment of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), and elucidate the influence pattern of the compatibility ratio of Danshen (Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, SMRR) and Kushen (Sophorae Flavescentis Radix, SFR) on its acid-base complexation reaction. Methods Based on the mass transfer differences of component states during nanofiltration (NF) and ultrafiltration (UF), the mass transfer coefficient of matrine was fitted taking the component transmission rate and membrane flux as evaluation indicators. Using the molecular and ionic monomer components as references, a quantitative calculation model for the existing states was constructed. The existing states of matrine in the SFR extract and the SMRR- SFR co-extract were fitted to analyze the occurrence patterns of acid-base complexation reactions under different solution environments. Results Coupling UF and NF enhanced the separation differences between the ionic and molecular states of matrine, thereby improving the accuracy of the quantitative calculation model for the ionic state. The correlation coefficients of the power function equations for quantitatively calculating the existing states of matrine were all greater than 0.97, indicating that the model was successfully established. The proportion of matrine in the molecular state was approximately 1.21%-1.91% in both the SFR extract and the co-extract. In the SFR extract, matrine existed as 36.90% in the ionic state and 61.98% in the associated state. After compatibility and extraction of SFR and SMRR, the existing form of matrine changed significantly. When the compatibility ratio of SMRR was low, the ionic state was dominant, with the increase in the proportion of SMRR, the ionic proportion of matrine gradually decreased from 66.73% to 45.83%, transforming into a complex-structured composite state, and the corresponding composite state proportion rose from 31.87% to 52.90%. Conclusion A quantitative calculation method for the existing states of matrine in different solution environments was successfully constructed, providing technical support for elucidating the states of components in complex solution environments.

R283.6

国家自然科学基金项目（82274106）；中药制药过程控制与智能制造技术全国重点实验室创新项目（NZYSKL240207）；2026年度南京中医药大学“揭榜挂帅”重大项目