目的 建立香港巨牡蛎的X射线衍射（X-ray diffraction，XRD）指纹图谱并测定其碳酸钙含量。方法 采用XRD法对16批香港巨牡蛎样品进行分析建立指纹图谱；根据层次聚类分析（hierarchical clustering analysis，HCA）及正交偏最小二乘法-判别分析（orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis，OPLS-DA），以变量重要性投影（variable importance projection，VIP）值＞1筛选出可用于香港巨牡蛎鉴别的特征信息；运用EDTA络合滴定法测定样品中碳酸钙的含量。结果 建立了香港巨牡蛎的XRD指纹图谱，其物相结构归属于碳酸钙的方解石型，并确定了13个共有峰，16批样品相似度均大于0.99；HCA将16批香港巨牡蛎样品分为3类，OPLS-DA的VIP值显示5个衍射角贡献较大，分别为47.41°、65.51°、61.28°、47.04°、57.34°；16批香港巨牡蛎样品中，有15批碳酸钙含量均超过了94%。结论 XRD指纹图谱可用于香港巨牡蛎的鉴定与分析，香港巨牡蛎的质量符合《中国药典》2025年版对牡蛎的项下规定，为其开发为中药材及综合应用提供参考。

Objective To establish X-ray diffraction (XRD) fingerprint profiles of Crassostrea hongkongensis and determine its calcium carbonate content. Methods A total of 16 batches of C. hongkongensis samples were analyzed by XRD to establish the fingerprint. Based on hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA) and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA), characteristic information for identification of Crassostrea Hongkongensis concha was screened with variable importance in projection (VIP) value > 1. The content of calcium carbonate in the samples was determined by EDTA complexometric titration. Results The XRD fingerprint of C. hongkongensis was established, and its phase structure belongs to calcite-type calcium carbonate, with 13 common peaks identified. The similarity of all 16 batches of samples was greater than 0.99. HCA divided the 16 batches into 3 categories, and the VIP values of OPLS-DA showed that 5 diffraction angles made great contributions, which were 47.41°, 65.51°, 61.28°, 47.04° and 57.34° respectively. Among the 16 batches of samples, 15 batches had a calcium carbonate content exceeding 94%. Conclusion The established XRD fingerprint can be used for the identification and analysis of C. hongkongensis. Their quality meets the standards specified under Ostreae Concha recorded in the Pharmacopoeia of the People’s Republic of China (2025 edition), offering technical support for their development as traditional Chinese medicinal material and comprehensive utilization.

R282.6

中药壮瑶药创新药物教育部工程研究中心经费资助（ZYZYY2025036）；广西海洋药物重点实验室能力强化建设项目资助（桂科LT2600640033）；2026年广西向海经济人才培养支持专项；广西青年岐黄学者培养项目（GXQH202412）；广西中医药大学岐黄工程高层次人才团队培育项目（202404）；广西重点研发计划项目（桂科AB25069014）；广西中医药大学研究生教育创新计划项目（YCSY2023066）