蒲公英为历史悠久、应用广泛的药食同源药材，具有清热解毒、消肿散结等功效。《中国药典》2025年版中明确药材蒲公英为菊科植物蒲公英Taraxacum mongolicum、碱地蒲公英Taraxacum borealisinense或同属数种植物的干燥全草，为典型的多基原药材。蒲公英属植物种类繁多、种间形态相似，加之产地生态多样，导致其市场基原混杂、药材质量参差不齐，临床用药的有效性和安全性无法保证。综述了近年蒲公英分子鉴定技术和质量评价方法的研究进展，总结现有蒲公英质量控制与品质评价研究现状，并提出研究展望，为蒲公英药材标准化、优质资源筛选及产业高质量发展提供参考。

Pugongying (Taraxaci Herba) is a well-established medicinal and edible herb with a long history of use in traditional Chinese medicine, known for its heat-clearing, detoxifying, anti-inflammatory, and swelling-reducing properties. The Chinese Pharmacopoeia defines Taraxaci Herba as the dried whole plant of Taraxacum mongolicum, Taraxacum borealisinense, or several other closely related species within the genus Taraxacum (Asteraceae), making it a typical multi-origin herbal medicine. Taraxaci Herba comprises numerous species with highly similar interspecific morphological characteristics. Coupled with diverse ecological conditions across producing areas, this has led to mixed botanical origins in the marketplace and inconsistent quality of medicinal materials, thereby compromising the efficacy and safety of clinical use. This review summarizes recent advances in molecular identification technologies and quality evaluation methods for Taraxaci Herba, outlines the current status of quality control and comprehensive quality assessment research, and proposes future research perspectives. The aim is to provide a scientific reference for the standardization of medicinal materials, the selection of high-quality germplasm resources, and the high-quality development of the Taraxaci Herba industry.

R286.2

上海市科委研发平台专项（21DZ2290200）；国家中医药管理局全国老药工传承工作室建设项目（国中医药人教函[2025]181号）