中药制药废水处理是行业绿色转型、生态环境保护的关键，能削减高浓度污染物，避免水土污染，保障生态与人体健康，助力行业可持续发展。然而中药原料组分复杂且提取工艺多样，其产生的废水含有大量有机物、悬浮物及难降解物质，呈现出有机物浓度高、水质波动大、有毒性和异味等特征。传统处理工艺能耗高、降解效率低，产生大量碳排放，加重环境负担，处理难度远高于常规工业废水。基于“碳达峰、碳中和”政策，聚焦“降低能耗、提高能源回用”2大核心，梳理制药废水处理技术，总结中药制药废水低碳处理的策略与技术，剖析其技术路径与应用要点，并探讨未来发展趋势，为中药制药行业的绿色转型与低碳发展提供切实可行的思路。

The treatment of wastewater from traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) pharmaceutical production is crucial for the industry’s green transformation and ecological conservation. It reduces removes high-concentration pollutants, prevents soil and water contamination, safeguards ecological and human health, and supports sustainable industry development. However, due to the complex composition of TCM raw materials and diverse extraction processes, the resulting wastewater contains substantial amounts of organic matter, suspended solids, and refractory substances. It exhibits characteristics such as high organic pollutant concentration, significant water quality fluctuations, and strong toxicity and unpleasant odors. Traditional treatment processes consume high energy, exhibit low degradation efficiency, generate substantial carbon emissions, and impose greater environmental burdens, making treatment significantly more challenging than for conventional industrial wastewater. Guided by the “dual carbon” policy and focusing on the two core objectives of “reducing energy consumption and enhancing energy reuse,” this study reviews pharmaceutical wastewater treatment technologies. It summarizes low-carbon treatment strategies and techniques for TCM pharmaceutical wastewater, analyzes their technical pathways and application essentials, and explores future development trends. The aim is to provide practical insights for the green transformation and low-carbon development of the TCM pharmaceutical industry.

R283

四川省中医药管理局科学技术研究专项课题（2024MS596）