目的 筛选太白贝母Fritillaria taipaiensis根际土壤高效解磷细菌，为微生物菌肥的有效开发提供数据支撑。方法 从10个产地的太白贝母根际土壤中筛选和鉴定解无机磷细菌和解有机磷细菌，经分离、纯化以及解磷能力的定性与定量分析，并结合生理生化和16S rDNA技术鉴定菌株，之后通过盆栽实验测定其接种效果。结果 最终从10个不同产地的太白贝母根际土壤中筛选得到42株解无机磷细菌和31株解有机磷细菌。解磷能力定量结果显示，解无机磷细菌中菌株WP2-2表现出最强的解磷能力，增磷量为231.30 mg/L，其次是菌株WP7-2，增磷量为211.05 mg/L。解有机磷细菌中菌株YP3-1的解磷能力最强，增磷量为28.57 mg/L，菌株YP5-1次之，增磷量为22.30 mg/L。经鉴定，WP2-2为普城沙雷氏菌Serratia plymuthica，WP7-2是蜡状芽孢杆菌Bacillus cereus，YP3-1和YP5-1同属蜡状芽孢杆菌B. cereus。盆栽试验结果显示，接种解磷细菌能够改变太白贝母鳞茎和须根的全磷含量，在一定程度上影响鳞茎总生物碱含量。结论 菌株WP2-2、WP7-2、YP3-1、YP5-1可作为太白贝母根际微生物菌肥开发的候选菌株，为后续需解磷细菌与有效成分相关基因调控之间的研究提供了理论基础。

Objective To screen high-efficiency phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (PSB) in the rhizosphere soil of Fritillaria taipaiensis and provide data support for the development of microbial fertilizers. Methods Rhizosphere soil samples were collected from ten production areas. Strains of inorganic phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (IPSB) and organic phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (OPSB) were isolated and purified. Their phosphate-solubilizing capacities were evaluated qualitatively and quantitatively, and the strains were identified based on physiological and biochemical characteristics as well as 16S rDNA sequencing. The effects of selected strains were further verified using pot experiments. Results A total of 42 IPSB and 31 OPSB strains were isolated. Quantitative analysis showed that among the IPSB strains, WP2-2 exhibited the strongest solubilizing capacity, increasing available phosphorus by 231.30 mg/L, followed by WP7-2 (211.05 mg/L). Among the OPSB strains, YP3-1 showed the highest phosphorus solubilization (28.57 mg/L), followed by YP5-1 (22.30 mg/L). Strain WP2-2 was identified as Serratia plymuthica, WP7-2 as Bacillus cereus, and both YP3-1 and YP5-1 were also identified as B. cereus. Pot experiments revealed that inoculation with these PSB strains altered the total phosphorus content in bulbs and fibrous roots, and also influenced the total alkaloid content in the bulbs. Conclusion The strains WP2-2, WP7-2, YP3-1, and YP5-1 show great potential for developing specialized microbial fertilizers for the cultivation of F. taipaiensis.

R282.1

重庆市自然科学基金面上项目（CSTB2023NSCQ-LMX0010）