苦参Sophorae Flavescentis Radix作为一种传统中药，具有清热燥湿、杀虫、利尿的功效，广泛用于临床实践。随着现代分析技术和产业需求的快速发展，苦参在中成药、化学药品、中兽药、农药及化妆品等多个领域的开发利用不断深化，已形成较为完整的产业链体系。系统梳理了苦参的资源分布与贸易现状以及加工炮制技术对质量与药效的影响，并重点总结了苦参在中成药、化学药品、中兽药、绿色农药及化妆品等领域的应用现状与剂型特征。同时，基于国家药品与兽药注册数据、农药登记信息及专利文献等，对苦参相关产品结构与技术创新趋势进行了归纳总结。最后从资源保障、成分与药理基础研究、经典复方挖掘、多领域协同应用、安全性与质量标准提升及国际标准制定等方面，对苦参未来研究与产业发展方向进行了展望，以期为苦参的传承创新与高质量发展提供参考。

As a traditional Chinese medicine herb, Kushen (Sophorae Flavescentis Radix) possesses the functions of clearing heat and drying dampness, killing worms, and promoting urination, and has been widely used in clinical practice. With the rapid advancement of modern analytical technologies and increasing industrial demand, the development and utilization of Sophorae Flavescentis Radix have been continuously expanded across multiple sectors, including Chinese patent medicines, chemical drugs, veterinary medicines, pesticides, and cosmetics, resulting in the formation of a relatively complete industrial chain.This review systematically summarizes the resource distribution and trade status of Sophorae Flavescentis Radix, as well as the impact of processing and preparation techniques on its quality and pharmacological efficacy. Particular emphasis is placed on its current applications and dosage-form characteristics in Chinese patent medicines, chemical drugs, veterinary medicines, green pesticides, and cosmetic products. In addition, based on national drug and veterinary drug registration data, pesticide registration information, and patent literature, the product structure and technological innovation trends related to Sophorae Flavescentis Radix are comprehensively analyzed. Finally, future research and industrial development directions of Sophorae Flavescentis Radix are discussed from the perspectives of resource security literature, chemical constituent and pharmacological basis studies, exploration of classical and empirical compound prescriptions, multi-sectoral collaborative applications, enhancement of safety evaluation and quality standards, and the establishment of international standards, with the aim of providing a scientific reference for the inheritance, innovation, and high-quality development of the Sophorae Flavescentis Radix industry.

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国家自然科学基金资助项目（82560801）；云南省院士专家工作站（202505AF350032）；云南省科技厅科技计划项目（202503AP140023）