金属有机骨架材料（metal organic frameworks，MOFs）是一类由金属离子中心与有机配体通过配位键形成的多孔晶体材料，具有比表面积高、孔径结构可控、生物相容性良好等优异特性，为解决中药研究中活性成分溶解度低、稳定性差、生物利用度不高等关键问题提供了创新技术路径。紧扣2025年诺贝尔化学奖授予MOFs材料这一时代背景，系统综述了类沸石咪唑酯骨架系列材料、锆基三维微孔骨架系列材料、拉瓦希尔骨架系列材料、孔-通道式骨架系列材料、网状金属有机骨架材料5大主流MOFs类型在中药研究中的应用进展。重点从“构效关系”角度出发，阐述了不同骨架材料的应用侧重。在此基础上，深入剖析了研究多聚焦单一成分、体内生物安全性未完全明确、规模化制备成本高昂等现实问题。最后，展望MOFs材料学特性与中药“君臣佐使”配伍理论的深度融合路径，提出构建仿生智能递送系统新范式，助力中药现代化、国际化及临床产业化。

Metal-organic framework materials (MOFs) are porous crystalline materials formed by coordination bonds between metal ion centers and organic ligands, exhibiting superior properties such as high specific surface area, controllable pore size structure, and excellent biocompatibility. They provide an innovative technological approach to address critical challenges in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) research, including low solubility, poor stability, and suboptimal bioavailability of active components. Aligned with the historical context of the 2025 Nobel Prize in Chemistry being awarded to MOFs, this article systematically reviews the application advancements of five major MOF types—zeolitic imidazolate frameworks, university of oslos, materials of institute lavoisiers, porous coordination networks and isoreticular metal-organic frameworks—in TCM research. The discussion emphasizes the application priorities of different framework materials from the perspective of “structure-activity relationship”. Furthermore, the study delves into practical issues such as excessive focus on individual components, insufficiently established in vivo biosafety profiles, and high costs associated with large-scale production. Finally, it explores pathways for integrating the material properties of MOFs with the TCM “jun-chen-zuo-shi” (sovereign-minister-assistant-guide) compatibility theory, proposing a novel paradigm for biomimetic intelligent delivery systems to facilitate the modernization, internationalization, and clinical commercialization of TCM.

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北京市自然科学基金资助项目（7262198）；北京市自然科学基金资助项目（7202121）；国家自然科学基金资助项目（81703715）