目的 揭示五环三萜类化合物领域全球创新合作网络的动态演化规律，解析网络结构、国家创新策略与主体行为在技术生命周期不同阶段的协同演变机制。方法 基于1945—2025年全球专利数据，运用社会网络分析方法，构建并分析该领域的创新合作网络，依据技术生命周期理论划分4个发展阶段进行动态比较。结果 合作网络结构呈现阶段性演变，从萌芽期封闭的“核心小世界”经成长期扩张最终收敛为“战略聚焦型”紧密结构；国家创新策略分为“持续开放型”“先升后降型”“低位平稳型”3类路径，国际合作强度随技术成熟呈“倒U型”衰减；微观主体存在显著的“结构性割裂”，产业界形成高密度协作闭环，而关键学术机构多处于网络边缘的“双边孤立”状态，导致“产学脱钩”的生态失衡。结论 从网络结构、国家创新策略与主体行为3个层面，系统揭示五环三萜类化合物领域创新合作网络的动态演进机制，深化对技术生命周期中合作竞争关系的理论认识，为构建更具韧性的创新生态系统提供实证依据与政策启示。

Objective To reveal the dynamic evolution of the global innovation cooperation network in the field of pentacyclic triterpenoids, and analyze the collaborative evolution mechanism of network structure, national innovation strategies and individual behaviors at different stages of the technology lifecycle. Methods Based on global patent data from 1945 to 2025, social network analysis method is used to construct and analyze the innovation cooperation network in this field. According to the theory of technology lifecycle, four development stages are divided for dynamic comparison. Results The cooperative network structure presents a phased evolution, from a closed “core small world” in its infancy to a long-term expansion, ultimately converging into a “strategic focused” tight structure; The national innovation strategy is divided into three types of paths: “sustained openness”“first rising and then falling”“low-level stability”. The intensity of international cooperation decreases in an “inverted U-shape” as technology matures; There is a significant “structural fragmentation” among micro entities, with the industry forming a high-density collaborative closed loop, while key academic institutions are often in a “bilateral isolation” state at the edge of the network, leading to an ecological imbalance of “industry academia decoupling”. Conclusion This study systematically reveals the dynamic evolution mechanism of innovation cooperation networks in the field of pentacyclic triterpenoids from three levels: network structure, national strategy, and subject behavior. It deepens the theoretical understanding of cooperation and competition relationships in the technology lifecycle and provides empirical evidence and policy implications for building a more resilient innovation ecosystem.

G350;R284

吉林省科学技术厅资助项目（20250601031RC）