目的 评价六神胶囊治疗急性扁桃体炎的临床疗效、药物经济学价值及其减少抗生素使用的潜力。方法 采用多中心、前瞻性队列研究设计，纳入急性扁桃体炎患者875例[暴露组（使用六神胶囊）660例、非暴露组（不使用六神胶囊）215例]。比较两组咽痛视觉模拟评分（visual analogue scale，VAS）、疾病痊愈率、中医证候疗效、抗生素及解热镇痛药使用率，并进行药物经济学评价与多因素Logistic回归分析。结果 治疗7 d后，暴露组在咽痛VAS评分降低、中医证候痊愈率提高及抗生素使用率减少方面均显著优于非暴露组（P＜0.05）。药物经济学最小成本分析显示，暴露组在2种疾病中的经济性均优于非暴露组。结论 六神胶囊治疗急性扁桃体炎可有效缓解症状、提高疗效，并显著降低抗生素使用率，具有良好的药物经济学价值。

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy, pharmacoeconomic value, and potential for reducing antibiotic use of Liushen Capsules in the treatment of acute tonsillitis. Methods A multicenter, prospective cohort study was conducted, enrolling 875 patients with acute tonsillitis (660 in the exposed group, 215 in the non-exposed group). Comparisons were made between the two groups regarding sore throat Visual Analog Scale (VAS) scores, disease recovery rate, efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome differentiation, as well as antibiotic and antipyretic-analgesic usage rates. Pharmacoeconomic evaluation and multivariate logistic regression analysis were also performed. Results After seven days of treatment, the exposed group showed significantly better outcomes than the non-exposed group in terms of reduction in sore throat VAS score, improvement in TCM syndrome recovery rate, and reduction in antibiotic use rate (P<0.05).. Pharmacoeconomic cost-minimizationt analysis indicated that the exposed group was more cost-effective than the non-exposed group. Conclusion Liushen Capsules can effectively alleviate symptoms, improve clinical efficacy, significantly reduce antibiotic use, and demonstrate favorable pharmacoeconomic value in the treatment of acute tonsillitis.

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国家中药标准化项目（ZYBZH-C-JS-30）