卵巢癌因起病隐匿、早期诊断难及高致死率，被称为“沉默的杀手”，且晚期复发率高、耐药性强。近年来，中医药在卵巢癌综合治疗中的协同增效价值日益凸显。通过系统综述中药单体及复方干预卵巢癌的关键作用机制。发现中药成分不仅能通过诱导细胞周期阻滞、促进凋亡与铁死亡、调控丝裂原活化蛋白激酶/细胞外调节蛋白激酶及Janus激酶/信号传导及转录激活蛋白等信号通路抑制肿瘤侵袭转移，还能通过干预糖脂代谢重编程及重塑免疫微环境，在逆转铂类耐药、减轻化疗骨髓抑制方面发挥独特优势。未来研究应进一步结合多组学技术深度验证其分子作用网络，为临床精准用药及新型抗肿瘤药物的研发提供确凿的循证医学证据。

Ovarian cancer is often characterized as a “silent killer” due to its insidious onset, difficulty in early diagnosis, and high mortality rate. Furthermore, advanced stages of the disease exhibit high recurrence rates and formidable chemoresistance. In recent years, the synergistic and sensitizing value of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in the comprehensive management of ovarian cancer has become increasingly evident. This review systematically summarizes the pivotal mechanisms underlying the intervention of TCM monomers and compound formulas in ovarian cancer. It reveals that TCM constituents not only inhibit tumor invasion and metastasis by inducing cell cycle arrest, promoting apoptosis and ferroptosis, and modulating crucial signaling pathways—including the mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase and Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription pathways—but also demonstrate unique advantages in reversing platinum resistance and alleviating chemotherapy-induced myelosuppression by interfering with glycolipid metabolic reprogramming and remodeling the immune microenvironment. Future research should integrate multi-omics technologies to comprehensively validate these complex molecular networks, thereby providing robust evidence-based medical foundations for clinical precision therapeutics and the development of novel antineoplastic agents.

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宁波市妇科疾病临床医学研究中心（2024L002）；国家临床重点专科--2025005；天津市科技局重大专项与工程计划项目（21ZXIBSY00040）