女贞子Ligustri Lucidi Fructus为木犀科植物女贞的干燥成熟果实，具有滋补肝肾和明目乌发之功效，可用于治疗眩晕耳鸣、腰膝酸软和须发早白等症。研究表明，女贞子包含三萜类、苯乙醇苷类、环烯醚萜类和黄酮类等多种活性成分，具有抗氧化、抗衰老、免疫调节、保肝调脂、抗炎及抗肿瘤等多种药理作用。女贞子的炮制历史悠久、方法多样，如酒制、盐制和醋制等。不同炮制方法可能会改变药物的性味归经和有效成分，直接影响其临床功效和适应症。女贞子作为药食两用资源，安全性较高，可用于治疗脱发、月经不调、慢性肝炎、糖尿病肾病和癌症等多种疾病。系统综述女贞子的活性成分及提取、药理作用及机制、炮制方法及药效、组方配伍及应用等方面的研究进展，提出未来研究的方向与挑战，为女贞子的研究提供参考和借鉴。

Ligustri Lucidi Fructus, the dried mature fruit of Ligustrum lucidum Ait., has the effects of nourishing the liver and kidney and improving eyesight and blackening hair. It can be used to treat dizziness, tinnitus, soreness and weakness of the waist and knees, and premature graying of hair and beard. Studies have shown that Ligustri Lucidi Fructus contains a variety of active components such as triterpenoids, phenolic glycosides, sesquiterpenoids and flavonoids, and has multiple pharmacological effects including antioxidation, anti-aging, immune regulation, liver protection and lipid reduction, anti-inflammation and anti-tumor. The processing of Ligustri Lucidi Fructus has a long history and diverse methods, such as wine-making, salt-making and vineging-making, etc. Different processing methods may alter the nature, taste, meridian tropism and active ingredients of drugs, directly affecting their clinical efficacy and indications. Ligustri Lucidi Fructus, as a resource that can be used both as medicine and food, has relatively high safety. It can be used to treat various diseases such as hair loss, menstrual disorders, chronic hepatitis, diabetic nephropathy and cancer. This article systematically reviews for the first time the research progress made in the pharmacological components and extraction, pharmacological effects and mechanisms, processing methods and efficacy, formula compatibility and application of Ligustri Lucidi Fructus. It innovatively proposes the future research directions and challenges, to provide reference and inspiration for Ligustri Lucidi Fructus research.

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国家自然科学基金资助项目（82274412）；国家自然科学基金资助项目（82305092）；国家自然科学基金资助项目（82574922）；国家中医药管理局高水平中医药重点学科建设项目（zyyzdxk-2023147）；湖南中医药大学研究生科研创新项目（2025CX016）