结直肠癌是全球范围内常见的消化道恶性肿瘤之一，其发病率和死亡率长期位居各类癌症前列。结直肠癌的发生发展涉及多基因、多通路的复杂病理机制。中医药凭借其多成分、多靶点、低毒性的特点，在干预结直肠癌方面展现出独特优势。中药通过多途径、多层次的整体调节作用，在抑制肿瘤生长、诱导细胞凋亡、抑制血管生成、逆转多药耐药及调节肿瘤微环境等方面显示出巨大潜力。利用CiteSpace对中药治疗结直肠癌的中英文相关文献进行关键词共现网络、关键词聚类图谱和突现词检测的可视化分析，旨在直观展现该领域的研究热点。在此基础上，围绕中药复方、中药药对及单味中药及其有效活性成分3个层面，系统综述其抗结直肠癌的作用机制与分子靶点研究的最新进展，为中药在结直肠癌领域的临床应用及药物研发提供理论依据。

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignant tumors of the digestive tract worldwide, with its morbidity and mortality consistently ranking among the highest of all cancers. The development and progression of CRC involve complex pathological mechanisms mediated by multiple genes and pathways. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), with its characteristics of multi-component, multi-target, and low toxicity, has demonstrated unique advantages in intervening in CRC. Through holistic regulation across multiple pathways and levels, TCM shows significant potential in inhibiting tumor growth, inducing apoptosis, suppressing angiogenesis, reversing multi-drug resistance, and modulating the tumor microenvironment. CiteSpace was used to conduct a visual analysis of Chinese and English literature on TCM for CRC treatment, focusing on keyword co-occurrence networks, keyword clustering maps, and burst word detection, aiming to intuitively present research hotspots in this field. Furthermore, the latest advances in the mechanisms of action and molecular targets of Chinese herbal compound formulas, herb pairs, and single herb along with its active constituents against CRC were systematically reviewed. This provides a theoretical foundation for the clinical application and drug development of TCM in the field of CRC.

R283

国家自然科学基金资助项目（82204633）；国家自然科学基金资助项目（82304880）；四川省自然科学基金资助项目（2024NSFSC2112）；四川省自然科学基金资助项目（2026NSFSC0627）；中华中医药学会青年人才托举工程（2024-QNRC2-B28）